affray ([schwa]-fray). The fighting, by mutual consent, of two or more persons in some public place, to the terror of onlookers. • The fighting must be mutual. If one person unlawfully attacks another who resorts to self-defense, the first is guilty of assault and battery, but there is no affray. — Also termed fray. Cf. […]
affray n. (1)〈美〉互殴罪 在公共场所相互斗殴而引起公众惊吓、害怕从而扰乱社区安宁的行为。本罪构成的地点要件是公共场所。如果在非公共场所斗殴，则按殴击〔battery〕定罪。构成本罪的另一要件是相互斗殴。如果一人非法攻击另一人，另一人出于防卫而还击，那么攻击者定殴击罪，防卫人无罪。有些州将这一行为纳入破坏社会治安罪〔breach of the peace〕之中。 (2)〈英〉斗殴罪指至少有一人参加的携带凶器或用拳殴击的非法斗殴行为；或由一人或多人以暴力威胁引起公众恐慌，但实际上并无暴力实施的行为。斗殴罪必须以引起恐慌且造成事实上的混乱为条件，仅存在侮辱或威胁性的言语不构成本罪。
mutual combat. A consensual fight on equal terms — arising from a moment of passion but not in self-defense — between two persons armed with deadly weapons. • A murder charge may be reduced to voluntary manslaughter if death occurred by mutual combat. — Also termed mutual affray. Cf. DUEL. [Cases: Homicide 537.]
duel. 1. TRIAL BY COMBAT. 2. A single combat; specif., a prearranged combat with deadly weapons fought between two or more persons under prescribed rules, usu. in the presence of at least two witnesses, to resolve a previous quarrel or avenge a deed. • In England and the United States, death resulting from a duel
breach of (the) peace 破坏治安罪 指扰乱公共秩序和社会治安，特别在公共场所高声叫喊、谩骂、争吵、打斗以图引起骚乱的犯罪。破坏治安罪是一个一般概念，其包括特定的犯罪，诸如互殴罪〔affray〕、暴乱罪〔riot〕以及殴击罪〔assault and battery〕等。(=disturbing the peace; disturbance of peace)
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chance-medley. [fr. Anglo-Norman chance medlee “chance scuffle”] A spontaneous fight during which one participant kills another in self-defense. — Also termed chaud-medley; casual affray. Cf. MEDLEY. “But the self-defence, which we are now speaking of, is that whereby a man may protect himself from an assault, or the like, in the course of a sudden
F. 1.abbr. The first series of the Federal Reporter, which includes federal decisions (trial and appellate) from 1880 to 1924. 2. Hist. A letter branded on a felon who claimed benefit of clergy so that the felon could claim the benefit only once. • Additionally, those convicted for an affray (fray) or falsity were so