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bicameral legislature

bicameral legislature 两院制立法机关 由内部两院而非一院组成的立法机关。「bicameral」和「unicameral」源于拉丁语「camera」,意指院〔chamber〕。在两院制下,所有议案必须经两院通过才能成为法律。美国国会和绝大多数州立法机关皆为两院,只有内布拉斯加州〔Nebraska〕实行一院制。目前,美国国会两院制的设计是建国者在1787年费城制宪会议〔Philadelphia Convention〕大妥协〔Great Compromise〕(亦称康涅狄格妥协〔Connecticut Compromise〕)的结果,它要求参议院〔Senate〕中各州代表相等,而众议院〔House of Representatives〕代表则依各州人口按比例分配。(→bicameral system)

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legislature

legislature. The branch of government responsible for making statutory laws. • The federal government and most states have bicameral legislatures, usu. consisting of a house of representatives and a senate. — Also termed legislative assembly. Cf. EXECUTIVE(1); JUDICIARY(1). [Cases: States 24. C.J.S. States §§ 40–41.]

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recede

recede, vb. (Of a house in a bicameral legislature) to withdraw from an amendment in which the other house has not concurred. See CONCUR(3). “A vote to recede from amendments constitutes a final passage of the bill without the amendments from which the house has receded, since both houses have then agreed to the bill

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flexible constitution

A constitution that has few or no special amending procedures. • The British Constitution is an example. Parliament can alter constitutional principles and define new baselines for government action through ordinary legislative processes. The Canadian Constitution also grants its legislature some limited ability to amend the Constitution by legislation.

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executive

executive, n. 1. The branch of government responsible for effecting and enforcing laws; the person or persons who constitute this branch. • The executive branch is sometimes said to be the residue of all government after subtracting the judicial and legislative branches. — Sometimes also termed executive department. Cf. LEGISLATURE; JUDICIARY(1). [Cases: Constitutional Law 76–80(4);

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