theory of pleading doctrine
theory of pleading doctrine 〈美〉以诉答意旨为准的原则依该原则，不论原告、被告，均必须就其起诉或答辩的意旨提供证据，即使其提供的证据于其充分有利，但若与其诉答意旨不符，则仍将败诉。现代各法典及民事诉讼规则已取消了这种严格限制，允许当事人以证据为准，可以修正其诉答书状。
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Search Results for: PLEA
plea in reconvention
Civil law. A plea that sets up a new matter, not as a defense, but as a cross-complaint, setoff, or counterclaim. [Cases: Pleading 143. C.J.S. Pleading § 200.]
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plea of non assumpsit
plea of non assumpsit 未承诺答辩；否认有任何契约义务的答辩(→non assumpsit)
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pleading a counterclaim
pleading a counterclaim 提出反诉(→counterclaim)
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interplead
interplead, vb. 1. (Of a claimant) to assert one’s own claim regarding property or an issue already before the court. 2. (Of a stakeholder) to institute an interpleader action, usu. by depositing disputed property into the court’s registry to abide the court’s decision about who is entitled to the property. Cf. IMPLEAD. [Cases: Interpleader 1.
supplemental pleading
A pleading that either corrects a defect in an earlier pleading or addresses facts arising since the earlier pleading was filed. • Unlike an amended pleading, a supplemental pleading merely adds to the earlier pleading and does not replace it. Cf. amended pleading. [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 861–871; Pleading 273. C.J.S. Pleading §§ 456–460.]
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never indebted plea of
never indebted, plea of. A common-law traverse — or denial — by which the defendant in an action on a contract debt denies that an express or implied contract existed. — Also termed non debit. See TRAVERSE. [Cases: Bills and Notes 474; Contracts 339. C.J.S. Bills and Notes; Letters of Credit § 271; Contracts §§
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impleader
impleader, n. A procedure by which a third party is brought into a lawsuit, esp. by a defendant who seeks to shift liability to someone not sued by the plaintiff. Fed. R. Civ. P. 14. — Also termed third-party practice; vouching-in. Cf. INTERPLEADER; INTERVENTION(1). [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 281–297; Parties 49. C.J.S. Parties § 127.]
Clerk of the Pleas
Clerk of the Pleas 〈英〉诉讼事务官 财税法庭官员，该法庭的所有官员均可向其申请在本法院起诉或被诉的特权。而且，非财税法庭官员者也可向其申请法律上的控诉，如同欠国王的债一样，通过拟制，一般认为每个人都可向其申请。财税法庭诉讼事务官还领导着大量的诉讼事务员，他们都是财税法庭的律师。这一职位为1837年《高级法院(官员)法》〔Superior Courts (Officers) Act〕所撤销。
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