sedition, n. 1. An agreement, communication, or other preliminary activity aimed at inciting treason or some lesser commotion against public authority. 2. Advocacy aimed at inciting or producing — and likely to incite or produce — imminent lawless action. • At common law, sedition included defaming a member of the royal family or the government. […]
Sedition Act. Hist. A 1798 federal statute that prohibited the malicious publication of defamatory material about the government, Congress, or the President. • The act expired in 1801.
Alien and Sedition Laws 〈美〉《侨民法和镇压叛乱法》 1798年通过，由4个法令组成，规定凡发表针对联邦政府的任何虚假、挑动仇恨、恶意的着作，目的在于诋毁联邦政府，煽动叛乱者为非法，这一短期实行的法令严格了在美的外国人入籍的居住条件，并授权总统可以驱逐或逮捕有上述行为的侨民。
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sedition n. 煽动罪 指意图煽动叛乱或反对政府的轻微暴乱的共谋或预备行为，以及意图或有可能煽动非法行为的即将发生的鼓吹、唆使行为。在普通法上，煽动罪还包括对皇家成员或政府的诽谤。煽动罪与叛乱罪〔treason〕的区别在于：构成前罪仅仅要求实施预备行为即可；而构成后罪还要求实施预谋的一些公开行为。但是，如果仅仅预谋一些轻微的暴乱，即使预谋完成，也不构成叛乱罪。
Alien and Sedition Acts. Hist. Four statutes passed in 1798 designed to silence critics of the Federalist party by tightening residency requirements for citizenship, granting to the President the power to jail aliens considered dangerous to the country, and restricting freedoms of the press and speech by criminalizing speech hostile to the government. • All
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revolt n. (1)反叛；颠覆 其目的不仅在于对政府作某些强制性变革，而根本意图是推翻政府，因而其程度比insurrection(造反)要强，insurrection指公开对抗政府，它虽已超越煽动罪〔sedition〕,但目的仍仅在现存政府下寻求变革；大规模的反叛〔revolt〕称之为rebellion(暴乱)，如获成功即为revolution(革命)。(→insurrection; rebellion) (2)船员反叛 任何船员采取暴力、欺骗或恫吓手段推翻船上合法权力机构，非法取得船舶控制权的行为和企图。这种行为或企图具体包括：非法剥夺船长或高级船员的指挥权；拒绝服从船长或高级船员的指挥或阻止其行使指挥权；将船舶控制权转归未经合法授权的其他人。
Kentucky Resolutions 〈美〉肯塔基决议 指1799年肯塔基立法机关通过的由杰斐逊〔Jefferson〕起草的一系列决议。这些决议反对有关外侨和煽动叛乱法〔alien and sedition laws〕，宣布它们是非法的；这些决议也阐发了主张对联邦政府权力进行严格解释的理论，并且宣称「废除」这些法律是「正当的救济方式」。
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A 1948 federal antisedition law that criminalizes advocating the forcible or violent overthrow of the government. 18 USCA § 2385. [Cases: Insurrection and Sedition 1. C.J.S. Riot; Insurrection § 29.]
nullification doctrine 〈美〉州有权废除联邦法的理论 指倡导州可以宣布美国国会制定的法律违宪并使其无效的理论。「nullification」一词由托马斯·杰弗逊首次提出，他秘密地起草了一份《肯塔基决议案》〔Kentucky Resolution〕，谴责联邦党人〔Federalists〕于1789年制定的《外侨和暴乱法》〔Alien and Sedition Acts〕，声称州有权采取行动推翻违宪国会立法。卡尔霍恩〔Calhoun〕在《解释与异议》〔Exposition and Protest〕 (1829)一书中使之形成理论，他认为州是一个拥有主权的实体。此种理论在美国内战前得到南方州的支持，并有州实施这一理论。
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Libel made with the intent of inciting sedition. • Like other forms of criminal libel, seditious libel is no longer prosecuted. See SEDITION. [Cases: Libel and Slander 141, 145. C.J.S. Libel and Slander; Injurious Falsehood §§ 7–8.]