A trial held without the accused being present. • In the United States, a trial may be held in absentia only if the accused has either voluntarily left after the trial has started else has so disrupted the proceedings that the judge orders the accused’s removal as a last resort.
Misconduct committed voluntarily and intentionally. [Cases: Carriers 307(6.1); Negligence 275; Social Security and Public Welfare 388. C.J.S. Negligence §§ 98–103, 106–113; Social Security and Public Welfare § 220.]
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rest, vb. 1. (Of a litigant) to voluntarily conclude presenting evidence in a trial (after the police officer’s testimony, the prosecution rested). 2. (Of a litigant) to voluntarily conclude presenting evidence in (a trial) (the defense rested its case after presenting just two witnesses). • In sense 1, the verb is intransitive; in sense 2,
A person who has achieved fame or notoriety or who has voluntarily become involved in a public controversy. • A public figure (or public official) suing for defamation must prove that the defendant acted with actual malice. New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 84 S.Ct. 710 (1964). — Also termed public character.
threat, n. 1. A communicated intent to inflict harm or loss on another or on another’s property, esp. one that might diminish a person’s freedom to act voluntarily or with lawful consent (a kidnapper’s threats of violence). [Cases: Extortion and Threats 25. 1. C.J.S. Threats and Unlawful Communications §§ 2–20.] terroristic threat. A threat to
intervenor. One who voluntarily enters a pending lawsuit because of a personal stake in it. — Also spelled intervener. [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 311; Parties 37. C.J.S. Parties §§ 91–93.]
record, n. 1. A documentary account of past events, usu. designed to memorialize those events. 2. Information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that, having been stored in an electronic or other medium, is retrievable in perceivable form. UCC § 5-102(14). 3. MINUTES(2). 4. The official report of the proceedings in a case,
gratification. Archaic. A voluntarily given reward or recompense for a service or benefit; a gratuity.
A verdict that is reached voluntarily — even if one or more jurors freely compromise their views — and not as a result of an arbitrary rule or order, whether imposed by the jurors themselves, the court, or a court officer. [Cases: Trial 314–315. C.J.S. Trial §§ 800–802, 815, 822.]
derelict (der-[schwa]-likt), adj. 1. Forsaken; abandoned; cast away (derelict property). See quasi-derelict under DERELICT. 2. Lacking a sense of duty; in breach of a legal or moral obligation (the managers were derelict in their duties). derelict, n. 1. Personal property abandoned or thrown away by the owner with no intent to claim it any longer,