Master of the Rolls. The president of the Court of Appeal in England. • Formerly, the Master of the Rolls was an assistant judge to a court of chancery, responsible for keeping the rolls and chancery records. In recent times, the most famous Master of the Rolls was Lord Denning (who lived from 1899 to […]
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Master of the Rolls 〈英〉掌卷法官；上诉法院民事庭庭长该职位原先起源于督导抄写员抄写御前大臣卷宗的文秘署职员，在中世纪，这一职位又称卷宗主事〔Clerk or Curator of the Rolls〕，是文秘署事务官〔Master in Chancery〕的首领；并协助御前大臣工作。随着衡平法院司法管辖权的扩展，其事务官的司法职责增加，其中很大一部分就由卷宗主事担当，16世纪中期他有时也被称作副御前大臣〔vice-chancellor〕，并经特别授权可享有某些司法管辖权；17世纪早期他在御前大臣缺席的情况下可以听审某些案件，并成为御前大臣的常任代理。1729年，有法令规定卷宗主事发布的命令应有效，但对此不服可向御前大臣上诉，此后他就正式成为了衡平法院的法官。1833年，其司法管辖权有所扩展，经法令规定，衡平法院法官长年开庭，不服其命令在1851年前可向御前大臣、1851年后向衡平法院上诉庭上诉；他也可以并经常出席衡平法院上诉庭。1875年始，他一直担任上诉法院院长〔president of the Court of Appeal〕，1958年前他还全面负责保管公共档案，1958年后此职责转归御前大臣，但他仍在担负着英格兰衡平法庭的档案保管工作。他的另一项职责是接受某人为最高法院事务律师。
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The president of the Court of Appeal in England. • Formerly, the Master of the Rolls was an assistant judge to a court of chancery, responsible for keeping the rolls and chancery records. In recent times, the most famous Master of the Rolls was Lord Denning (who lived from 1899 to 1999).
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