below
below,prep., adv. & adj. 1. Beneath; under; underneath. 2. (Of a lower court) having heard or having the power to hear the case at issue in the first instance (court below); at a lower level (the motion was heard below). Cf. ABOVE.
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court below
court below 下级法院 对其判决可以提出上诉的初审法院〔trial court〕或中间上诉法院〔intermediate appellate court〕。也称「lower court」。 (→court above)
below the line
below-the-line, adj. (Of a deduction) taken after calculating adjusted gross income and before calculating taxable income. • Examples of below-the-line deductions are medical payments and local taxes. Cf. ABOVE-THE-LINE.
court below
A trial court or intermediate appellate court from which a case is appealed. — Also termed lower court.
primary line injury
Antitrust. Under the price-discrimination provisions of the Robinson–Patman Act, the practice of charging below-cost, predatory prices in an attempt to eliminate the seller’s competition in the market. 15 USCA § 13(a). • A primary-line injury, which hinders or seeks to hinder competition among the seller’s competitors, is distinguishable from a secondary-line injury, which refers to
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bail to the sheriff
bail to the sheriff 向行政司法官担保的保证人 民事诉讼中被送达传票的被告人的保证人，其向行政司法官担保被告人将于开庭日〔writ’s return day〕到庭。也称bail below，因为相对于特别保释保证人〔bail to the action〕(即bail above)来说，他是从属的和预备性的。
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ss
ss.abbr. 1. Sections. 2. Subscripsi (i.e., signed below). 3. Sans (i.e., without). 4. (Erroneously) scilicet. “Many possible etymologies have been suggested for this mysterious abbreviation. One is that it signifies scilicet (= namely, to wit), which is usually abbreviated sc. or scil. Another is that ss. represents ‘[t]he two gold letters at the ends of
minister
minister, n. 1. A person acting under another’s authority; an agent. 2. A prominent government officer appointed to manage an executive or administrative department. 3. A diplomatic representative, esp. one ranking below an ambassador. [Cases: Ambassadors and Consuls 1–5. C.J.S. Ambassadors and Consuls §§ 2–13, 15–30.] foreign minister. 1. A minister of foreign affairs, who