competency, n. 1. The mental ability to understand problems and make decisions. [Cases: Mental Health 3. C.J.S. Insane Persons§§ 2, 6.] 2. A criminal defendant’s ability to stand trial, measured by the capacity to understand the proceedings, to consult meaningfully with counsel, and to assist in the defense. — Also termed competency to stand trial. […]
competency of witness 证人能力；证人的作证资格(→competent witness; competent attesting witness)
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gross incompetency or recklessness 明显不称职或疏于职守 根据一般人的评价，其行为属明显不称职或粗心大意、疏于职守，可成为吊销执业执照的理由。
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competency of person 人员的合格性(→competent person)
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competency to stand trial (被告人的)受审能力 如果被告人不能理解诉讼的性质和目的，不能向其律师咨询和协助进行诉讼防御活动，即认为其欠缺受审能力。正当程序禁止政府对缺乏受审能力的被告人提起诉讼。
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competency n. 能力；资格 该词为competence的变体，但现在它在法律上的含义渐被限于仅指「某人理解问题并作出决定的能力」，或「受审的能力」这一方面。如有严重精神障碍者在法律上为无能力人。competency to stand trial是其常用词组。
A proceeding to assess a person’s mental capacity. • A competency hearing may be held either in a criminal context to determine a defendant’s competency to stand trial or as a civil proceeding to assess whether a person should be committed to a mental-health facility.
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competency proceedings 意识能力诉讼 指为了判断某人的意识能力〔mental capacity〕状况而进行的听审程序。如在刑事诉讼中为确定被告人是否有受审能力、能否被判刑，或确定其在实施犯罪时是否精神正常，或者在民事诉讼中为确定是否应将某人收容起来进行治疗，都可进行此种听审程序。
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incompetency, n. Lack of legal ability in some respect, esp. to stand trial or to testify (once the defense lawyer established her client’s incompetency, the client did not have to stand trial). — Also termed incompetence; mental incompetence. Cf. INCAPACITY. [Cases: Homicide 816; Witnesses 35. C.J.S. Witnesses §§ 87–88, 90, 92.] — incompetent, adj.
certificate of competency 〈美〉资格证明 美国小企业管理局〔Small Business Administration〕要求企业在履行政府采购合同时须提供的一种证明。
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