Dyarchy n. (1)双头政治 罗马帝国时期的政治体制，在此体制下，帝国统治权由皇帝和元老院分享。 (2)〈英〉二元政体 作为印度宪法改革方案被提出并被1919年《印度政府体制法》〔Government of India Act〕采纳的政府体制。该体制将英属印度领地的行政权分交专权机构〔authoritarian sections〕和民主机构共享，前者由英王任命的协政官〔councillors〕组成，后者由总督任命的部长〔ministers〕组成并向领地议会负责。这标志着英属印度领地的最高行政机构中实行了民主制度。1935年英属印度领地完全取得自治时，这种体制遂告终结。
diarchy. [fr. Greek dy “two” + archein “rule”] A government jointly ruled by two people, such as William and Mary of England. — Also termed duarchy; dyarchy. “Dyarchy. A term applied by Mommsen to the Roman principate … a period in which he held that sovereignty was shared between the princes and the senate. The