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Lords Marchers

Lords Marchers 〈英〉边境藩王 1066-1284年间,英格兰不断侵扰威尔士,那些逐步从赫里福德〔Hereford〕到格罗斯特〔Gloucester〕征服威尔士的贵族获得了近乎王权或巴拉丁〔palatine〕的权力,称为边境藩王,他们处于半独立状态。爱德华一世征服威尔士之后,将威尔士西部和北部分成6个郡,并置于斯诺登〔Snowdon〕、切斯特〔Chester〕和南威尔士的司法管辖之下,实行英格兰法。剩下的地区由边境藩王统治,他们拥有广泛的司法管辖权,包括判处肢体刑、审判民事案件、签发自己的令状和指派法官等。在这些地方发展出一种被称为「边境习惯」〔custom of the Marches〕的法律,它是英格兰法和威尔士习惯的混合物。爱德华一世曾力图将这些边境藩王置于自己的控制之下,但长期以来他们仍在不断地反抗王室中央。1536年英格兰与威尔士联合之后,又新设了5个郡,相应的137个藩王也附属于新设的郡或邻近英格兰的郡,他们的特权只有一小部分,主要是设立法庭的权力在经历这次变革和1543年的法令后得以保留。

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marchers

Marchers. Hist. Lords who lived on the borders of Scotland and Wales, and operated, with the permission of the English sovereigns, under their own private laws. • The laws were eventually abolished by the statute 27 Hen. 8, ch. 26. — Also termed Lords Marchers. “Thus the Lords Marchers were practically independent potentates of a

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Marchers

Hist. Lords who lived on the borders of Scotland and Wales, and operated, with the permission of the English sovereigns, under their own private laws. • The laws were eventually abolished by the statute 27 Hen. 8, ch. 26. — Also termed Lords Marchers.

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marchers

marchers n. (1)(英格兰古法)边境领主 居于威尔士或苏格兰与英格兰接壤的边境地区的贵族,他们制定并执行自己的私家法律,俨然是土皇帝,此类统治特权于1535年亨利八世时被废除。又称「lords marchers」。 (2)行军者;行进者;请愿者;游行者

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