res aliena scienter legata (rays ay-lee-ee-n[schwa] [or al-ee-] sI-en-t[ schwa]r l[schwa]-gay-t[schwa]). [Latin] Hist. The property of another knowingly bequeathed — that is, property that a testator did not own but purported to bequeath by will.
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scienter n. 故意；明知 该词用于诉状中，表示被告的主观过错状态，即被告事先知道其行为将导致损害发生，或者其事先知道其有义务防止某种事实状态的发生，但因其疏忽而导致损害结果。在普通法上，欲使家畜所有人对家畜所造成的损害承担责任，必须证明被告知道其家畜有实施该种损害之恶习。关于这方面的证据被称为「举证明知」〔proving scienter〕。在英国，该种责任规定于1971年《动物法》〔Animals Act〕中。在有关虚假陈述〔misrepresentation〕中，实施虚假陈述一方当事人的明知是指其以欺诈意图而错误告知或疏漏重大事实。因干预他人履行合同而承担责任的〔liability for interference with the performance of a contract〕，其责任构成要件之一即为该当事人知道合同的存在。根据美国1934年《证券交易法》〔Securities Exchange Act〕和《10b-5规则》〔Rule 10b-5〕而对某一行为提起民事损害赔偿之诉的，该行为必须属于「明知」，这里的「明知」是指包含欺诈或操纵市场等意图的主观状态。 ad.故意地；明知地 该词原为拉丁文，其意同于knowingly。
scienter action. A lawsuit in which the plaintiff must prove that the defendant acted knowingly or knew of the danger — e.g., at common law an action for damage caused by a domestic animal. See SCIENTER.
scienter (sI-en-t[schwa]r or see-), n. [Latin “knowingly”] 1. A degree of knowledge that makes a person legally responsible for the consequences of his or her act or omission; the fact of an act’s having been done knowingly, esp. as a ground for civil damages or criminal punishment. See KNOWLEDGE; MENS REA . [Cases: Criminal Law
well-knowing, adj. Intentional (a well-knowing act or omission). • This term was formerly used in a pleading to allege scienter. See SCIENTER.
明知，知情 英语：scienter (US) 法语：sciemment, en connaissance de cause 德语：wissentlich, vorsätzlich 意大利语：consapevol- mente, con cognizione di causa 西班牙语：a sabiendas