latitat

glossary / LATITAT
latitat (lat-[schwa]-tat), n. [Law Latin “he lurks”] Hist. A writ issued in a personal action after the sheriff returned a bill of Middlesex with the notation that the defendant could not be found. • The writ was called latitat because of its fictitious recital that the defendant lurks about in the county. It was abolished by the Process in Courts of Law at Westminster Act of 1832 (St. 2, Will. 4, ch. 39). See BILL OF MIDDLESEX; TESTATUM.

“Latitat is a writ by which all men in personal actions are originally called in the king’s bench to answer. And it is called latitat, because it is supposed by the writ that the defendant cannot be found in the county of Middlesex, as it appears by the return of the sheriff of that county, but that he lurks in another county: and therefore to the sheriff of that county is this writ directed to apprehend him.” Termes de la Ley 277 (1st Am. ed. 1812).

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译者Celia，毕业于新加坡知名法学院，擅长翻译涉及信息和智能技术领域的法律文件。

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latitat

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latitat 〈拉〉〈英〉潜逃拘捕令状 15世纪时，王座法庭〔Court of King’s Bench〕创制了一种独特的程序，这种程序使它对某些案件与民诉法庭〔Court of Common Pleas〕享有共同管辖权。这种程序以被告真正或依法推定处于马夏尔西监狱〔Marshalsea prison〕典狱长〔Marshal〕的拘押状态下为前提事实，因为该监狱处于王座法庭所在地米德尔塞克斯郡〔Middlesex〕，这样就能够使王座法庭拥有当然的管辖权。其操作是：首先由原告提出针对被告的米德尔塞克斯申诉状〔Bill of Middlesex〕，宣称被告以暴力手段对他实施了侵权行为，并拟称后者已提供担保，保证按时出庭。这样，在案件性质上就赋予了王座法庭以司法管辖权。如果届时米德尔塞克斯郡郡长找不到被告，则一道潜逃拘捕令状就会发给邻近郡之郡长，要求他拘捕被告。如果已知被告不在米德尔塞克斯郡，那么签发潜逃拘捕令状是诉讼的第一步。该令状中强调使用latitat(潜逃)一词，故名。1832年的《令状统一法》〔Uniformity of Process Act〕废除了这一令状。

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