Search Results for: UNDUE INFLUENCE

undue influence

undue influence 不当影响 在英国法中,指一种影响、压力或控制力,使得一方当事人由此而不能自由、独立地就自己的行为作出选择。它作为衡平法的原则,是推定欺诈〔constructive fraud〕原则的组成部分。一方当事人从合同中获利或接受另一方当事人的赠与,如果对方当事人在交易中因受该方当事人的影响而无从进行自由、独立的判断,则该交易是可撤销的。一般当双方当事人之间具有信任关系时,例如监护人和被监护人、医生和病人、律师和当事人等之间的关系,可推定存在不正当影响,但这一推定是可以被推翻的。在其他情况下则可以由主张者提供证据加以证明,而认定存在不正当影响。在选举事务中,它是指任何外力、暴力、限制或伤害、胁迫、恐吓,以诱使任何人报案或不报案。美国法亦认为,如果某一合同、交易、关系或行为的同意是在不正当影响下作出的,则其属于可撤销的。在遗嘱与遗产继承中,它是指破坏立遗嘱人自由意志的胁迫。如果由遗嘱受益人实际上执行遗嘱,则可以基于立遗嘱人与影响人之间的信任关系而推定不当影响的存在。亦作improper influence。(→coercion;duress)

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undue influence

undue influence. 1. The improper use of power or trust in a way that deprives a person of free will and substitutes another’s objective. • Consent to a contract, transaction, or relationship or to conduct is voidable if the consent is obtained through undue influence. — Also termed implied coercion; moral coercion. [Cases: Contracts 96.

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undue

undue, adj. 1. Archaic. Not yet owed; not currently payable (an undue debt). 2. Excessive or unwarranted (undue burden) (undue influence). — unduly, adv.

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derogatory clause

derogatory clause. 1. A statutory or contractual provision proclaiming that the document in which it appears, or a part of the document, cannot be repealed or amended. • Such provisions are considered ineffective. “The one thing a sovereign legislature cannot do is truncate its own sovereignty by restricting its successors. A parliament sovereign today must

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will contest

will contest. Wills & estates. The litigation of a will’s validity, usu. based on allegations that the testator lacked capacity or was under undue influence. [Cases: Wills 203–434. C.J.S. Wills §§ 52, 445–605, 607–818, 2026–2038, 2057–2062.]

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