1. See legislative court under COURT.
2. A type of federal legislative court that is not bound by the requirements of or protected under U.S. Const. art. III, § 2, and that performs functions similar to those of an administrative agency, such as issuing advisory opinions. U.S. Const. art. I, §
8. Cf. ARTICLE III COURT.
“Congress also has the power, within certain limits, to create what are called …Article I tribunals …. These Article I tribunals are really akin to administrative agencies; that is, the ‘judges’ do not have any constitutionally guar-anteed lifetime tenure and protection from salary diminution; they are not governed by the case or controversy limitation of Article III…. At the present time, Article I courts include territorial courts, certain courts in the District of Columbia, courts martial, and legislative courts and administrative agencies that adjudicate ‘public rights.’ ” John E. Nowak & Ronald D. Rotunda, Constitutional Law 22–23 (4th ed. 1991).
