deodand

deodand (dee-[schwa]-dand). Hist. Something (such as an animal) that has done wrong and must therefore be forfeited to the Crown. • This practice was abolished in 1846.

“In the oldest records, we see no attempt to distinguish the cases in which the dead man was negligent from those in which no fault could be imputed to him, and the large number of deodands collected in every eyre suggests that many horses and boats bore the guilt which should have been ascribed to beer. A drunken carter is crushed beneath the wheels of his cart; the cart, the cask of wine that was in it and the oxen that were drawing it are all deodand. Bracton apparently thought it an abuse to condemn as deodand a thing that had not moved; he would distinguish between the horse which throws a man and the horse off which a man stupidly tumbles, between the tree that falls and the tree against which a man is thrown. We do not see these distinctions in the practice of the courts.” 2 Frederick Pollock & Frederic W. Maitland, History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I 474 n.4 (2d ed. 1899).

“[W]hen in 1716 the coroner’s jury of Yarmouth declared a stack of timber which had fallen on a child to be forfeited as a deodand, it was ransomed for 30s., which was paid over to the child’s father.” J.W. Cecil Turner, Kenny’s Outlines of Criminal Law 7 (16th ed. 1952).


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