A crime that impairs the administration of justice. • The common-law offenses of this type were obstruction of justice, barratry, maintenance, champerty, embracery, escape, prison breach, rescue, misprision of felony, compounding a crime, subornation of perjury, bribery, and misconduct in office.
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mayhem (may-hem), n. 1. The crime of maliciously injuring a person’s body, esp. to impair or destroy the victim’s capacity for self-defense. • Modern statutes usu. treat this as a form of aggravated battery. See BATTERY. Cf. serious bodily injury under INJURY. [Cases: Mayhem 1. C.J.S. Mayhem §§ 2–6.] “Mayhem, according to the English common
lost earning capacity. A person’s diminished earning power resulting from an injury. • This impairment is recoverable as an element of damages in a tort action. Cf. lost earnings under EARNINGS. [Cases: Damages 38. C.J.S. Damages § 56.] “To some extent the phrases ‘loss of earnings’ and ‘loss of earning capacity’ are used interchangeably. But
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Larceny in which the perpetrator obtains property by threatening to (1) inflict bodily harm on anyone or commit any other criminal offense, (2) accuse anyone of a criminal offense, (3) expose any secret tending to subject any person to hatred, contempt, or ridicule, or impair one’s credit or business reputation, (4) take or withhold action
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Ker–Frisbie rule. The principle that the government’s power to try a criminal defendant is not impaired by the defendant’s having been brought back illegally to the United States from a foreign country. Ker v. Illinois, 119 U.S. 436, 7 S.Ct. 225 (1886); Frisbie v. Collins, 342 U.S. 519, 72 S.Ct. 509 (1952).
Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a child who needs special-education or related services because of (1) mental retardation, (2) a hearing, language, or visual impairment, (3) a serious emotional disturbance, or (4) another health impairment or specific learning disability. See INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT.
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unsound, adj. 1. Not healthy; esp., not mentally well (unsound mind). [Cases: Mental Health 3. C.J.S. Insane Persons§§ 2, 6.] 2. Not firmly made; impaired (unsound foundation). 3. Not valid or well founded (unsound argument).
Insanity produced by a violent excitement of the emotions or passions, although reasoning faculties may remain unimpaired; a passion that for a period creates complete derangement of intellect. • Emotional insanity is sometimes described as an irresistible impulse to do an act. See IRRESISTIBLE-IMPULSE TESTT. [Cases: Criminal Law 51. C.J.S. Criminal Law §§ 99–108.]
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