Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. A federal statute that requires employers to (1) keep the workplace free from recognized hazards that cause or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees, and (2) comply with standards promulgated by the Secretary of Labor. — Abbr. OSHA (oh-sh[schwa]). [Cases: Labor Relations 9. […]
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Conversion consisting of an action that in law amounts to the appropriation of property. • Constructive conversion could be, for example, an appropriation that was initially lawful. [Cases: Trover and Conversion 6. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 35–38.]
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A person entitled to income from property; esp., a person entitled to receive trust income. [Cases: Trusts 273. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 542–550.]
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The invalidity of a trust because the instrument creating it has a defect or because of its illegality or other legal impediment. [Cases: Trusts 68. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 129, 137.]
A trust from which the trustee must pay a sum certain annually to one or more beneficiaries for their respective lives or for a term of years, and must then either transfer the remainder to or for the use of a qualified charity or retain the remainder for such a use. • The sum certain
ripeness, n. 1. The circumstance existing when a case has reached, but has not passed, the point when the facts have developed sufficiently to permit an intelligent and useful decision to be made. 2. The requirement that this circumstance must exist before a court will decide a controversy. See JUSTICIABILITY. Cf. MOOTNESS DOCTRINE; PREMATURITY(1). [Cases:
A trust created with the settlor’s express intent, usu. declared in writing; an ordinary trust as opposed to a resulting trust or a constructive trust. — Also termed direct trust; declared trust. [Cases: Trusts 1–61.5. C.J.S. Conflict of Laws §§ 73, 85; Trover and Conversion §§ 1–9, 14–127, 143.]
A trust in which the trustee must accumulate income and gains from sales of trust assets for ultimate disposition with the principal when the trust terminates. • Many states restrict the time over which accumulations may be made or the amount that may be accumulated. [Cases: Trusts 280. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 544–550.]
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highest proved value 被证明的最高价值 动产侵占之诉〔action of trover〕中，指陪审团考虑所有证据后所确定的在侵占〔conversion〕至审理〔trial〕期间该财物的最高价值。
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labor dispute. A controversy between an employer and its employees concerning the terms or conditions of employment, or concerning the association or representation of those who negotiate or seek to negotiate the terms or conditions of employment. [Cases: Labor Relations 281. C.J.S. Labor Relations §§ 263–264.]