through rate. The total shipping cost when two or more carriers are involved. • The carriers agree in advance on a through rate, which is typically lower than the sum of the separate rates. [Cases: Carriers 26. C.J.S. Carriers §§ 138–140.]
Goods and materials of various types transported by carriers, often in a common load, with few or no restrictions.
doctrine of general average. Maritime law. A rule allowing a carrier to require cargo owners and the shipowner to contribute pro rata to the cost of protecting the ship and its cargo. [Cases: Shipping 186. C.J.S. Shipping §§ 458–459.]
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stoppage in transitu (in tran-si-t[y]oo ortranz-i-t[y]oo). The right of a seller of goods to regain possession of those goods from a common carrier under certain circumstances, even though the seller has already parted with them under a contract for sale. • This right traditionally applies when goods are consigned wholly or partly on credit from
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adventure. 1. A commercial undertaking that has an element of risk; a venture. Cf. JOINT VENTURE. 2. Marine insurance. A voyage involving financial and insurable risk, as to a shipment of goods. — Often shortened to venture. [Cases: Insurance 2214.] common adventure. A maritime enterprise, characterized as an undertaking in which all participants, including the
filed-rate doctrine. A common-law rule forbidding a regulated entity, usu. a common carrier, to charge a rate other than the one on file with the appropriate federal regulatory authority, such as (formerly) the Interstate Commerce Commission. — Also termed filed-tariff doctrine. See TARIFF (3). [Cases: Carriers 189; Public Utilities 119. 1. C.J.S. Aeronautics and Aerospace
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glass n. 〈英〉玻璃规则 根据1830年《运输业法》〔Carriers Act〕的规定，承运人对所运输价值超过10英磅的玻璃器皿发生的毁损灭失不负赔偿责任，但已事先声明并为此加付运费者除外。
carry passengers for a consideration 有偿运送旅客 在这种运输中，运送者要承担受雇承运人〔carrier for hire〕的责任。
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professional bailee 职业受托人 根据其职业而作为财产受托人、并在统一标准的基础上与公众进行交易者，如公共承运人〔public carrier〕、停车场经营人、仓库管理人等。
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