nobility, n. pl. 1. Persons of social or political preeminence, usu. derived by inheritance or from the sovereign. • In English law, there are various degrees of nobility, or peerage, such as dukes, marquises, earls, viscounts, and barons, and their female counterparts. Nobility is generally created either by a writ of summons to sit in […]
de magna assisa eligenda (dee mag-n[schwa] [schwa]-sI-z[schwa] el-i-jen-d[schwa]), n. [Law Latin “of choosing the grand assize”] Hist. A writ ordering a sheriff to summon 4 knights to give oaths before the justices of assize and then choose 12 more knights to form a grand assize to determine who had the right in a writ of
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A duplicate of an original writ (esp. a summons), issued either at the same time as the original writ or at any time while the original writ is valid.
letter of recall. 1. A document sent from one nation’s executive to that of another, summoning a minister back to his or her own country. 2. A manufacturer’s letter to a buyer of a particular product, asking the buyer to bring the product back to the dealer for repair or replacement. — Also termed recall
bill of Middlesex (英格兰古法)米德尔塞克斯令 早期王座法庭〔King’s Bench〕获取普通民事案件管辖权所使用的令状。王座法庭起初只对刑事案件及涉及国王利益的案件有管辖权，为获取对普通民事案件的管辖权——原为民诉法庭享有，它设计了一个拟制：原告先以侵权罪之名起诉被告，这样王座法庭便获取了管辖权，因为早期的侵权行为被视为犯罪。首先王座法庭要向它所在郡之郡长，即米德尔塞克斯郡郡长，发出米德尔塞克斯令逮捕被告，因被告一旦被押，则王座法庭便可开始提起对他的任何诉讼，这样王座法庭便获取了普通民事诉讼的管辖权。但被告并不总是在米郡，于是米郡郡长向王座法庭法官作拘押未果的回呈〔return of non est inventus〕，法官便再向被告所在郡之郡长签发潜逃令〔writ of latitat〕，令中重复了米德尔塞克斯令及回呈的内容，并责令他拘押被告，以便开始起初的真正的民事诉讼。实际上，若被告在外地则米德尔塞克斯令不签发，而只是直接签发潜逃令，于是潜逃令逐渐被视为米德尔塞克斯令了。该程序于1832年被废止，1833年后所有在高级法院的对人诉讼都由传唤令〔writ of summons〕开始。
vocare ad curiam (voh-kair-ee ad kyoor-ee-[schwa]m), vb. [Latin] To summon to court.
curia (kyoor-ee-[schwa]), n. [Latin] 1. Roman law. One of 30 divisions (three tribes of ten curiae) into which the Roman people were said to be divided by Romulus. See comitia curiata under COMITIA. 2. Roman law. A legislative gathering, esp. of the Roman Senate; the building used for the gathering. 3. Hist. A judicial tribunal
subpoena (s[schwa]-pee-n[schwa]), n. [Latin “under penalty”] A writ commanding a person to appear before a court or other tribunal, subject to a penalty for failing to comply. — Also spelled subpena. [Cases: Witnesses 7. C.J.S. Witnesses §§ 20–22, 25.] Pl. subpoenas. alias subpoena (ay-lee-[schwa]s s[schwa]-pee-n[schwa]). A subpoena issued after an initial subpoena has failed. deposition
misjoinder (mis-joyn-d[schwa]r). 1. The improper union of parties in a civil case. See JOINDER. Cf. DISJOINDER; NONJOINDER. [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 387; Parties 85, 89. C.J.S. Parties §§ 212, 217.] 2. The improper union of offenses in a criminal case. [Cases: Indictment and Information 126. C.J.S. Indictments and Informations § 159.] MISKENNING miskenning (mis-ken-ing). [fr.
rebellion. 1. Open, organized, and armed resistance to an established government or ruler. 2. Open resistance or opposition to an authority or tradition. 3. Hist. Disobedience of a legal command or summons.