in litem
in litem (in lI-tem or -t[schwa]m), adv. [Latin] For a suit; to the suit. See AD LITEM.
ad auctoritatem praestandam (ad awk-tor-i-tay-t[schwa]m pree-stand-[schwa]m). [Law Latin] Hist. For interposing their authority. • The phrase typically referred to tutors or curators ad litem who provided authority but incurred no personal liability in exercising their office.
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litem suam facere (lI-tem s[y]oo-[schwa]m fay-s[schwa]-ree). [Latin “to make a suit one’s own”] Roman law. (Of a judex) to fail in his official duty through imprudence, such as not adhering to the formula, or not following due procedure. • This failure amounted to misconduct in the judex’s duties, and a litigant was given a private
court-appointed special advocate. A trained volunteer appointed by a court to represent the interests of a child in an abuse or neglect case. — Abbr. CASA. Cf. guardian ad litem under GUARDIAN.
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ante litem motam (an-tee lI-tem moh-t[schwa]m). [Law Latin “before the lawsuit was started”] Hist. Before an action has been raised; before a legal dispute arose — i.e., at a time when the declarant had no motive to lie. • This phrase was generally used in reference to the evidentiary requirement that the acts upon which
post litem motam (pohst lI-t[schwa]m moh-t[schwa]m). [Law Latin] After suit commenced. • Depositions held after litigation had begun were formerly sometimes so called.
Court Appointed Special Advocates. A federally funded program in which trained laypersons act on behalf of children in abuse and neglect cases. • The CASA program began in 1977 in Seattle, Washington. In 1989, the American Bar Association endorsed using a combination of CASA volunteers and attorneys in abuse and neglect cases. CASA volunteers are
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general guardian 总监护人;一般监护人 对被监护人的人身和财产进行全面照顾和管理的监护人。与特殊监护人〔special guardian〕或诉讼监护人〔guardian ad litem〕相区别。
next friend. A person who appears in a lawsuit to act for the benefit of an incompetent or minor plaintiff, but who is not a party to the lawsuit and is not appointed as a guardian. — Also termed prochein ami. Cf. guardian ad litem under GUARDIAN. [Cases: Infants 76; Mental Health 485. C.J.S. Infants