advancement, n. A payment or gift to an heir (esp. a child) during one’s lifetime as an advance share of one’s estate, with the intention of reducing or extinguishing or diminishing the heir’s claim to the estate under intestacy laws. • In some jurisdictions, the donor’s intent is irrelevant if all the statutory elements of […]
fail, n. A transaction between securities brokers in which delivery and payment do not occur at the prescribed time, usu. on the settlement date. — Also termed fail contract. fail to deliver. The nondelivery of securities from a selling broker to a buying broker by the settlement date. fail to receive. The failure of a
satisfaction, n. 1. The giving of something with the intention, express or implied, that it is to extinguish some existing legal or moral obligation. • Satisfaction differs from performance because it is always something given as a substitute for or equivalent of something else, while performance is the identical thing promised to be done. —
lapse, n. 1. The termination of a right or privilege because of a failure to exercise it within some time limit or because a contingency has occurred or not occurred. 2. Wills & estates. The failure of a testamentary gift, esp. when the beneficiary dies before the testator dies. See ANTILAPSE STATUTE. Cf. ADEMPTION. [Cases:
abatement of legacies 遗赠的减免 当遗产不足以完全支付根据遗嘱所产生的遗赠时，遗赠人不能获得遗产或只能获得部分遗产。在英格兰，根据1925年《遗产管理法》〔Administration of Estates Act〕的规定，一般遗赠〔general legacies〕按照遗赠数额比例减免，除非该一般遗赠系出于偿付某一债务或其他对价而作出的；如果遗产不足以清偿所有债务，则特定遗赠〔specific legacies〕与指示遗赠〔demonstrative legacies〕亦须减免；如果指定的遗产不足以支付指示遗赠，则该种遗赠亦须减免。例如，甲的遗产包括一幅画、300英镑的银行存款以及700英镑的其他款项，并有100英镑的债务。甲的遗嘱中规定：一幅画赠与乙，500英镑的银行存款给丙，800英镑给丁，200英镑给戊。这样，乙为特定遗赠、丙为指示遗赠、丁和戊为一般遗赠，遗赠减免后的结果为：乙获得该幅画；丙因指定的遗产金额不足，故仅得甲的300英镑银行存款；丁和戊应在700英镑的其他款项扣除100英镑的债务后按比例分配，各得480英镑与120英镑。美国《统一遗嘱检验法典》〔Uniform Probate Code〕亦规定，如果金钱遗赠〔pecuniary legacies〕不能全部得到支付，则按比例扣减。 (→ademption)
abatement of legacies Read More »