concurrent sentence doctrine
concurrent sentence doctrine 合并判决(上诉审)原则 指在有合并判决时，如上诉法院认定某一罪项初审定罪准确，维持原判，则对初审定罪和判决刑期相同或较轻的其他罪项，可不再复审。
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Search Results for: DOCTRINE
fighting words doctrine
fighting words doctrine 〈美〉挑衅性言论(不受保护)原则美国宪法第一条修正案所规定的言论自由不是绝对的、无条件的。淫秽和猥亵、诽谤及挑衅性等言论不受宪法保护。其中挑衅性言论指会造成伤害或可能即刻招致和平的破坏，直接引起对方暴力行为的言辞。是否构成挑衅性言论是以具有正常理性的人能够判断该言论可能会引起一般听众暴力行为为标准的。
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poisonous tree doctrine
poisonous tree doctrine 〈美〉毒树原则 亦称「毒树之果」原则〔「fruit of poisonous tree」doctrine〕，指在非法搜查或非法逮捕过程中取得的材料由于其来源的非法性，不得作为证据被采纳。
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applied art doctrine
applied-art doctrine. Copyright. The rule that a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work that has an inherent use apart from its appearance, and is also an expressive work apart from its utility, may qualify for copyright protection. • Examples have included bookends, lamps, and sundials. In contrast to applied art, industrial designs are not copyrightable, although
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prevention doctrine
prevention doctrine. Contracts. The principle that each contracting party has an implied duty to not do anything that prevents the other party from performing its obligation. — Also termed prevention-of-performance doctrine. [Cases: Contracts 168, 303(4). C.J.S. Contracts §§ 346–347, 528–530.]
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agreed boundary doctrine
agreed-boundary doctrine. The principle by which adjacent landowners resolve uncertainties over land boun-daries by permanently fixing the boundaries by agreement; specif., the rule that owners of contiguous land may agree on the boundary between the parcels, as long as the actual boundary is uncertain, there is agreement between the two owners about the boundary line,
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legal doctrines， principles， and rules
legal doctrines， principles， and rules 法律原理、原则和规则 这三个术语并无确切的含义，用法也不固定，但都被用来指各种法律规范，只不过在含义的广泛性表达方面有些差异。「原理」〔doctrine〕含义最广，它一般用来指一个由相关规范构成的实质性体系，它们有着共同的主题，是某些特定情形或特定领域内原则、规则和准则的有机结合，由此组成一个在逻辑上相互联系的体系，基于这种体系和逻辑内涵便可展开推理。这方面的一个典型例子是英美合同法中的约因理论和公共政策原理。「原则」是指一种概括性的规范，用来论证、统一、解释各种更为具体的规则及其适用，并作为进一步推理的权威出发点。例如僱主必须对其僱员的安全尽合理注意的原则，违约方应对定约时应在其考虑范围之内的后果负责等。「规则」一般指更为具体的规范，它可以将法律后果直接加诸某些事实，如遗嘱必须有两个证人见证才能有效的规则等。
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jensen doctrine
Jensen doctrine. Maritime law. The principle that a state statute may not apply in a maritime case if to do so would “work [ ] material prejudice to the characteristic features of the general maritime law or interfere with the proper harmony and uniformity of that law.” Southern Pac. Co. v. Jensen, 244 U.S. 205,
Monroe Doctrine
The principle that the United States will allow no intervention or domination by any non-American nation in the Western Hemisphere. • This principle, which has some recognition in international law (though not as a formal doctrine), was first announced by President James Monroe in 1823.
unavoidable accident doctrine
unavoidable-accident doctrine. Torts. The rule holding no party liable for an accident that was not foreseeable and that could not have been prevented by the exercise of reasonable care. • The modern trend is for courts to ignore this doctrine, relying instead on the basic concepts of duty, negligence, and proximate cause. — Also termed
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