in fraudem creditorum
in fraudem creditorum (in fraw-d[schwa]m kre-di-tor-[schwa]m), adv. [Latin] In fraud of creditors.
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disfranchise
disfranchise v. (1)剥夺…公民权；剥夺…特权 尤指剥夺选举权。 (2)〈英〉(古)剥夺(某地)向议会选派议员的权利 (3)〈英〉(古)剥夺自治市〔borough〕、市〔city〕和地区〔country〕自由民的权利和特权 该词也用作disenfranchise，尽管它越来越常用，但disfranchise仍然是人们使用的主要形式。
extrinsic fraud
extrinsic fraud 外在欺诈；非本质欺诈 指与已作出判决的有关案件事项相关的欺诈，这种欺诈可以作为撤销判决的依据。例如在单方要求〔ex parte〕的离婚诉讼中，若原告欺骗法庭称其不知被告在何处从而获得离婚判决的，则可以欺诈为由撤销离婚判决。
fraud of creditors
fraud of creditors 对债权人的欺诈(→fraudulent conveyance)
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fraudulent preference
fraudulent preference 欺诈性特惠；虚假的优先权 行将破产的债务人给予个别债权人不合理的优惠(如优先清偿其债务)，从而损害了其他债权人的公平受偿权。根据英国《破产法》〔Bankruptcy Act〕及《公司法》〔Companies Act〕，如果债务人在向他人优先偿付债务、转让财产等6个月之内破产的，则该行为属于欺诈并无效。
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frankpledge
Hist. A promise given to the sovereign by a group of ten freeholders (a tithing) ensuring the group’s good conduct. • The frankpledge was of Saxon origin, but continued after the Norman Conquest. The members of the group were not liable for an injury caused by an offending member, but they did act as bail
disenfranchise
disenfranchise (dis-[schwa]n-fran-chIz), vb. To deprive (a person) of the right to exercise a franchise or privilege, esp. to vote. — Also termed disfranchise.