in fraudem creditorum
in fraudem creditorum 〈拉〉欺骗债权人;有意欺骗债权人
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actus fictus in fraudem legis 〈拉〉欺诈法上的虚假行为
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replication (rep-l[schwa]-kay-sh[schwa]n). A plaintiff’s or complainant’s reply to a defendant’s plea or answer; REPLY(2). [Cases: Pleading 162. C.J.S. Pleading §§ 209, 219.] anticipatory replication. Equity pleading. In an original bill, the denial of defensive matters that the defendant might assert. • A defendant who relies on the anticipated defense must traverse the anticipatory matter in
out-of-pocket rule. The principle that a defrauded buyer may recover from the seller as damages the difference between the amount paid for the property and the actual value received. Cf. BENEFIT-OF-THE-BARGAIN RULE(2). [Cases: Fraud 59(3).]
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Walker Process claim. Patents. A counterclaim in an infringement suit, seeking a declaratory judgment that the patent is invalid because its owner defrauded the Patent Office. • The claim is based on antitrust law, alleging that the patentee wrongfully tried to monopolize a market. Walker Process Equip., Inc. v. Food Mach. & Chem., 382 U.S.
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DOL.abbr. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR. dol (dohl or dol), n. [French “deceit; fraud”] Civil law. Fraud committed in inducing another to enter into a contract. See fraud in the inducement under FRAUD. Cf. FRAUDE.
虚假交易/骗局 英语:sham transaction/scam 法语:escroquerie, arnaque 德语:Scheintransaktion, Scheingeschäft/Betrug 意大利语:affare fittizio, simulato/broglio, dolo 西班牙语:transacción fingida/caso de fraude
欺诈 英语:fraud 法语:tromperie, fraude 德语:Betrug, arglistige Täuschung 意大利语:frode, inganno, cattiva fede, broglio 西班牙语:fraude, dolo, engaño
benefit-of-the-bargain rule. 1. The principle that a party who breaches a contract must pay the aggrieved party an amount that puts that person in the same financial position that would have resulted if the contract had been fully performed. [Cases: Damages 117.] 2. The principle that a defrauded buyer may recover from the seller as
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fraudfeasor (frawd-fee-z[schwa]r). A person who has committed fraud. — Also termed defrauder.