sheriff’s jury
Hist. A jury selected and summoned by a sheriff to hold inquests for various purposes, such as assessing damages in an action in which the defendant makes no defense or ascertaining the mental condition of an alleged lunatic.
Search Results for: LUNATIC
cura
cura (kyoor-[schwa]), n. [Latin] Roman law. A guardianship that protects the interests of minors who are between puberty and the age of 25, or incapacitated persons. Pl. curae. Cf. TUTELA. “Cura was a form of guardianship indicated by the necessities of the case, with respect to persons who, though sui juris, were in need of
praerogativa regis
praerogativa regis (pree-rog-[schwa]-tI-v[schwa] ree-jis). [Law Latin “of the Crown’s prerogative”] Hist. A declaration made at the time of Edward I (1272–1307) defining certain feudal and political rights of the Crown, including the right to wardship of an idiot’s lands to protect the idiot’s heirs from disinheritance or alienation. — Also termed de praerogativa regis (dee
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guilty but insane
guilty but insane 〈英〉有罪但有精神病的 在维多利亚女王的要求下，由1883年《精神病犯审判法》〔Trial of Lunatics Act〕规定的一种裁断方式。据该法，一个受刑事审判的人，如果陪审团发现该人犯有被指控的罪行，但在犯罪时有精神病，则该人对自己被指控的罪行不负任何法律责任。从1800年至1883年，尔后从1964年起对这种裁断形式采取了精神病不定罪的做法。这两种形式的裁断实际效果是一样的，即除非内政大臣〔Home Secretary〕另有指示，此种行为人将根据王室的指示被收留在精神病医院中。 (→insanity)
Broadmoor
Broadmoor 〈英〉布罗德莫尔精神病院 1863年在伯克郡〔Berkshire〕创办的特殊医院，作为首家国立精神病院，其是在主管精神病工作的专员倡导下开办的。主要收留一些有危险、暴力或犯罪倾向而需要采取安全措施的病人。在1948年，「布罗德莫尔医院病人」成为「刑事精神病人」〔criminal lunatic〕的替代语，但在1959年被废止。在兰普敦〔Rampton〕、莫斯塞德〔Moss-side〕及苏格兰的卡斯泰斯〔Carstairs〕也建有此类医院。
master in lunacy
Master in Lunacy. Hist. A judicial officer appointed by the Lord Chancellor to conduct inquiries into the state of mind of people alleged to be lunatics incapable of handling their own affairs and to ensure in each case that the lunatic’s property is properly managed for his or her benefit.
non compos mentis
non compos mentis 〈拉〉精神不健全(之人)；精神失常(之人) 泛指任何智能不全或有缺陷的精神状态。据认为可分为四类：１先天性与永久性的痴呆〔ideota〕；２因疾病、悲伤等意外事件而全部丧失记忆力与理解力；３间歇性的精神错乱〔lunatic〕，即时而具有理解力时而丧失理解力的精神错乱者在发病时的状态；４因不良行为——如酗酒——而暂时丧失记忆力与理解力。该类精神不健全不得作为免责理由。 (→non sanae memoriae; insanity; idiocy; drunkenness; mental incapacity; mental incompetency)
legal act
legal act. 1. Any act not condemned as illegal. • For example, a surgeon’s incision is a legal act, while stabbing is an illegal one. 2. An action or undertaking that creates a legally recognized obligation; an act that binds a person in some way. “A lunatic, though capable of holding property, was in Roman
reasonable person
reasonable person. 1. A hypothetical person used as a legal standard, esp. to determine whether someone acted with negligence; specif., a person who exercises the degree of attention, knowledge, intelligence, and judgment that society requires of its members for the protection of their own and of others’ interests. • The reasonable person acts sensibly, does
detention during Her Majesty’s pleasure
detention during Her Majesty’s pleasure 〈英〉女王恩准的拘押 指对本来应判处终身监禁刑罚之人，由于其年龄不满18岁，而由内务大臣或苏格兰事务大臣根据具体情况判处一定时间拘押的刑罚，一般在少年感化院、少年犯管教所或监狱执行。又根据1800年的《刑事精神病人法》〔Criminal Lunatics Act〕，对犯罪时患精神病的人虽应宣告无罪，但法院必须发布命令将被告予以羁押直至其恢复神志为止。1964年的《(精神病患者)刑事诉讼法》〔Criminal Procedure(Insanity) Act〕改将精神病犯罪人拘押于国务大臣〔Secretary of State〕所指定的医院。
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