per incuriam
per incuriam 〈拉〉由于缺乏谨慎;由于粗心大意
subject-matter test. A method of determining whether an employee’s communication with a corporation’s lawyer was made at the direction of the employee’s supervisors and in the course and scope of the employee’s employment, so as to be protected under the attorney–client privilege, despite the fact that the employee is not a member of the corporation’s
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fair use. Copyright. A reasonable and limited use of a copyrighted work without the author’s permission, such as quoting from a book in a book review or using parts of it in a parody. • Fair use is a defense to an infringement claim, depending on the following statutory factors: (1) the purpose and character
ideo consideratum est (I-dee-oh k[schwa]n-sid-[schwa]-ray-t[schwa]m est). [Latin] Hist. Therefore it is considered. • These words often prefaced a judgment at common law, and came to refer to the judgment itself. Cf. CONSIDERATUM EST PER CURIAM.
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concessum (k[schwa]n-ses-[schwa]m), p.pl.[fr. Latin concedere “to grant”] Hist. Granted. • Judges used this term to signify their assent to a point made in argument; for example, a court might state that a particular proposition was concessum per totam curiam (“granted by the whole court”).