undercurrent of surface stream. Water that moves slowly through the bed of a stream or the lands under or immediately adjacent to the stream. • This water is considered part of the surface stream. — Also termed underflow of surface stream.
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Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. A unit in the U.S. Department of the Interior responsible for protecting against the adverse effects of surface coal mining by enforcing laws relating to surface mining and restoration and by assisting states and local governments, which have primary responsibility in this area. — Abbr. OSM.
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Casing that protects groundwater against pollution from drilling and producing operations. • Surface casing is the first pipe set in the hole.
surface-damage clause. Oil & gas. A lease provision requiring the lessee to pay the lessor or the surface-interest owner for all or for a specified kind or degree of damage to the surface that results from oil-and-gas operations. — Also termed location-damage clause; damages clause.
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surface water 地表水；地面水 指自然散布于地表、尚未形成水流的水体。与天然的溪流、湖泊和池塘不同，地表水散乱地位于地表上，没有确定的水道、也没有形成明确的水体形状，至多只是形成了湿地。地表水主要是由雨水和经冰雪融化形成，也包括泉眼中喷出的水。洪水中脱离主体而散布于较低地域的部分也可认为是地表水。在汇入确定水道或流入永久性湖泊、池塘等水体前，地表水可以由其所在土地的所有人圈用。
Surface Transportation Board. A unit in the U.S. Department of Transportation responsible for the economic regulation of interstate surface transportation, primarily railroads. • Its jurisdiction includes railroad-rate and -service issues, railroad-company mergers and related labor matters; certain truck and ocean shipping rates; certain intercity bus-company structures; and certain pipeline matters not regulated by the Federal
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interstate surface water 〈美〉州际水流；跨州水流 流经两州以上的地面的水流。
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surface measurement 表面测量；表层测量法 指沿地表的上下起伏丈量土地，而不是依据各地的最高点进行丈量。与水平测量法〔horizontal measurement〕形成对比。
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