notice-of-alibi rule. The principle that, upon written demand from the government, a criminal defendant who intends to call an alibi witness at trial must give notice of who that witness is and where the defendant claims to have been at the time of the alleged offense. • The government is, in turn, obligated to give […]
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testamentum (tes-t[schwa]-men-t[schwa]m), n. [Latin] Roman law. A will. • In early and classical law, the mancipatory will was standard. It was still used in the Later Empire but in A.D. 446, the holographic will was accepted in the Western Empire. A will could also be made by registration on the court acta. See holographic will,
freedom of the press. The right to print and publish materials without governmental intervention, as guaranteed by the First Amendment. — Also termed liberty of the press. [Cases: Constitutional Law 90.1(8). C.J.S. Constitutional Law §§ 552, 554, 562–565, 597–598, 603–604.] “ ‘Freedom of the press’ has less significance than meets the eye. It is true,
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customs union. Int’l law. A combination of two or more countries within a single customs area with a common external tariff, though each participating country remains politically independent. • The effect is that tariffs originally levied on the traffic of goods between those countries are abolished or else successively dismantled according to an agreed-upon scheme,
vagrant, adj. 1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a vagrant; inclined to vagrancy. 2. Nomadically homeless. [Cases: Vagrancy 1. C.J.S. Vagrancy §§ 2–12, 22–27, 31–32, 35–37.] vagrant, n. 1. At common law, anyone belonging to the several classes of idle or disorderly persons, rogues, and vagabonds. 2. One who, not having a settled habitation,
navigable water. 1. At early common law, any body of water affected by the ebb and flow of the tide. • This test was first adopted in England because most of England’s in-fact navigable waters are influenced by the tide, unlike the large inland rivers that are capable of supporting commerce in the United States.
A restriction that causes an estate to end automatically and revert to the grantor upon the happening of a specified event. See fee simple determinable under FEE SIMPLE. [Cases: Deeds 125, 126, 130. C.J.S. Deeds §§ 246, 249.]
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