externality. (usu. pl.) A social or monetary consequence or side effect of one’s economic activity, causing another to benefit without paying or to suffer without compensation. — Also termed spillover; neighborhood effect. negative externality. An externality that is detrimental to another, such as water pollution created by a nearby factory. positive externality. An externality that […]
gentrification, n. The restoration and upgrading of a deteriorated or aging urban neighborhood by middle-class or affluent persons, resulting in increased property values and often in displacement of lower-income residents. — gentrify, vb.
An externality that benefits another, such as the advantage received by a neighborhood when a homeowner attractively landscapes the property.
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de corpore comitatus (dee kor-p[schwa]-ree kom-[schwa]-tay-t[schwa]s). [Law Latin] From the body of the county. • This term was esp. used to distinguish a body of the county at large from a smaller area or de vicineto (“from a neighborhood”).
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community policing. A law-enforcement technique in which police officers are assigned to a particular neigh-borhood or area to develop relationships with the residents for the purpose of enhancing the chances of detecting and thwarting criminal activity.
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borg (borg), n. Hist. Scots law. 1. A thing deposited as a security, esp. for bail or a suretyship. 2. A surety. — Also spelled borgh; borh.
frankpledge. Hist. A promise given to the sovereign by a group of ten freeholders (a tithing) ensuring the group’s good conduct. • The frankpledge was of Saxon origin, but continued after the Norman Conquest. The members of the group were not liable for an injury caused by an offending member, but they did act as
vicinage (vis-[schwa]-nij). [Law French “neighborhood”] 1. Vicinity; proximity. 2. The place where a crime is committed or a trial is held; the place from which jurors are to be drawn for trial; esp., the locale from which the accused is entitled to have jurors selected. — Also termed vicinetum (vis-[schwa]-nee-t[schwa]m). [Cases: Criminal Law 108; Jury