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Coast Guard

Coast Guard 海岸警卫队 1指英国警戒海岸、防止走私、报告船只失事和其它海上事件的机构。1660年海防事务由沿海各郡〔county〕移交至民兵组织。1822年,缉私船队、轻骑巡官队和水上防卫队三个防走私机构合并为缉私署〔Preventive Service〕。1829年,该署成为缉私海岸警卫队〔Revenue Coastguard〕,轻骑巡官队则发展成为骑警队〔Mounted Guard〕,后者于1831年被撤销。缉私海岸警卫队移至海军部,1925年又移至贸易部〔Board of Trade〕;2美国的海岸警卫队在公海和美国及其领地的通航水域执行联邦法律。依1958年《联邦船运法》〔Federal Boating Act〕,海岸警卫队可检查船只,以确保其遵守所要求的安全措施。海岸警卫队可与其他机构合作,执行反毒品、环境保护等项职能。

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narcoanalysis

narcoanalysis (nahr-koh-[schwa]-nal-[schwa]-sis). The process of injecting a “truth-serum” drug into a patient to induce semiconsciousness, and then interrogating the patient. • This process has been used to enhance the memory of a witness. [Cases: Witnesses 257.10. C.J.S. Criminal Law §§ 965–971; Witnesses §§ 437, 571.]

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coastal state control

coastal-state control. Maritime law. The exercise of authority under international conventions for a state to stop, board, inspect, and when necessary detain vessels that are under foreign flags while they are navigating in the coastal state’s territorial waters. • The purpose is to ensure the safety of the vessels and to enforce environmental regulations. Cf.

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European Coal and Steel Community

European Coal and Steel Community 欧洲煤钢共同体 也称欧洲煤钢联营。这是1951年比利时、法国、联邦德国、意大利、荷兰、卢森堡六国签署《巴黎条约》〔Paris Treaty〕成立的组织;其目标是通过建立煤钢共同市场,消除关税壁垒、限额、限制和歧视等措施,促进联营各国的经济增长,并在经济一体化的基础上建立一个联合的欧洲。1973年英国、丹麦和爱尔兰加入该组织。

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coast

coast n. 海岸(线) 指一国与海洋相接的边缘。该词包括高于海面而与大陆自然相联的海岛和礁石,但不包括永久位于海面之下的暗礁。该词特指与海洋相接的边缘,而shore则可用以指内水的岸边。现代意义上,准确地讲,shore一词指沿大陆的低潮线〔low-water mark〕,而coast一词则包括滨线〔line of shore〕和内水与外海相接的水线。 (→shore)

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