tradename. 1. A name, style, or symbol used to distinguish a company, partnership, or business (as opposed to a product or service); the name under which a business operates. • A tradename is a means of identifying a business — or its products or services — to establish goodwill. It symbolizes the business’s reputation. [Cases: […]
tax-anticipation bill. A short-term obligation issued by the U.S. Treasury to meet the cash-flow needs of the government. • Corporations can tender these bills at par value to make quarterly tax payments. — Abbr. TAB.
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surprise. An occurrence for which there is no adequate warning or that affects someone in an unexpected way. • In a trial, the procedural rules are designed to limit surprise — or trial by ambush — as much as possible. For example, the parties in a civil case are permitted to conduct discovery, to determine
Dole test. A four-part test used to determine the constitutionality of a condition attached by Congress under its Spending Clause power to the receipt of federal money. • The spending must be in pursuit of the general welfare, and the condition must be unambiguous, related to some federal interest, and not barred by any other
distributive share. 1. The share that an heir or beneficiary receives from the legal distribution of an estate. [Cases: Descent and Distribution 20–51; Wills 521–535. C.J.S. Descent and Distribution §§ 23–59; Wills§§ 967–1028.] 2. The portion (as determined in the partnership agreement) of a partnership’s income, gain, loss, or deduction that is passed through to
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takeover defense. A measure taken by a corporation to discourage hostile takeover attempts. — Often shortened to defense. — Also termed shark repellent. structural takeover defense. A legal mechanism adopted by a corporation to thwart any future takeover bid without having any financial or operational effect on the target corporation. transactional takeover defense. A financial
peter-pence. Hist. A tax levied on each house in England and paid to the Pope, so called because it was collected on St. Peter’s Day. — Also termed hearth money.
member. 1. Parliamentary law. One of the individuals of whom an organization or a deliberative assembly consists, and who enjoys the full rights of participating in the organization — including the rights of making, debating, and voting on motions — except to the extent that the organization reserves those rights to certain classes of membership.
investment banking. The business of underwriting or selling securities; esp., the marketing of new stocks or bonds. “The term ‘investment banking’ can be used to encompass [underwriting, and acting as a dealer, broker, and market maker], and any person in a firm performing any of those functions could be called an investment banker. By convention,
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withdraw, vb. 1. (vt.) To take back (something presented, granted, enjoyed, possessed, or allowed) (withdraw blame). 2. (vt.) To retract (one’s words) (withdraw the objection). 3. (vt.) To refrain from prosecuting or proceeding with (an action) (withdraw the petition for divorce). 4. (vi.) (Of a lawyer) to terminate one’s representation of a client before a