unlawful belligerents
unlawful belligerents 〈美〉不法交战方 其为破坏美国军事工业和装备而进入美国境内，且无表明交战方身份的统一服装或其它标志，或者在进入美国境内后抛弃此类标志。
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Search Results for: UNLAWFUL
retaliatory discharge
A discharge that is made in retaliation for the employee’s conduct (such as reporting unlawful activity by the employer to the government) and that clearly violates public policy. • Federal and state statutes may entitle an employee who is dismissed by retaliatory discharge to recover damages. [Cases: Civil Rights 1247, 1249(2); Master and Servant 30(6.5).
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detainer
detainer. 1. The action of detaining, withholding, or keeping something in one’s custody. forcible detainer. See FORCIBLE DETAINER. unlawful detainer. The unjustifiable retention of the possession of real property by one whose original entry was lawful, as when a tenant holds over after lease termination despite the landlord’s demand for possession. [Cases: Forcible Entry and
extort
extort, vb. 1. To compel or coerce (a confession, etc.) by means that overcome one’s power to resist. 2. To gain by wrongful methods; to obtain in an unlawful manner; to exact wrongfully by threat or intimidation. — extortive, adj.
public nuisance
An unreasonable interference with a right common to the general public, such as a condition dangerous to health, offensive to community moral standards, or unlawfully obstructing the public in the free use of public property. • Such a nuisance may lead to a civil injunction or criminal prosecution. — Also termed common nuisance. [Cases: Nuisance
corporate purposes
corporate purposes 公司目的；法人宗旨 指公司成立所希望达到的商业目标的一般范围。在英美各国历史上，以公司形式从事商业活动是一种特权，故政府规定成立公司必须有具体的目的。美国各州的制定法一般要求在商业公司的章程上明述公司的目的。但现在的通常做法是将公司目的表述为「任何合法目的」〔any lawful purposes〕，而非公司的具体商业行为种类，从而在实际上扩展了公司的经营范围。当然，与之相对的「非法目的」〔unlawful purposes〕则不仅指其本身违法或受到禁制的行为，而且还包括其他未经授权行使的权力、缔结合同或其他行为，亦即越权行为〔ultra vires〕。公司目的与公司权力〔corporate powers〕是「目的」与「手段」的关系，公司可以运用其权力以达到其成立之目的。就市政法人〔municipal corporations〕而言，尤其在涉及其征税权时，其「法人宗旨」在于提高公共繁荣与城市福利。
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senatus consultum macedonianum
senatus consultum Macedonianum (si-nay-t[schwa]s k[schwa]n-s[schwa]l-t[ schwa]m mas-[schwa]-doh-nee-ay-n[schwa]m). [Latin “Macedo’s Resolution”] Roman law. A senate decree under Vespasian to protect fathers from children in their power who had borrowed excessive sums in expectation of their father’s death, by making actions to recover such loans unlawful. — Also termed Macedonian Decree. “The senatus consultum Macedonianum reads as
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reckless homicide
The unlawful killing of another person with conscious indifference toward that person’s life. Cf. MANSLAUGHTER. [Cases: Homicide 709.]
lawful arrest
The taking of a person into legal custody either under a valid warrant or on probable cause that the person has committed a crime. Cf. unlawful arrest. — Also termed arrest by warrant; warrant arrest.
direct conversion
The act of appropriating the property of another to one’s own benefit, or to the benefit of another. • A direct conversion is per se unlawful, and the traditional requirements of demand and refusal of the property do not apply. [Cases: Trover and Conversion 3–5. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion §§ 8, 19, 21–30.]