Black Book of the Exchequer. Hist. A record book containing treaties, conventions, charters, papal bulls, and other English state documents. • It dates from the 13th century. — Also termed Liber Niger Parvus.
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appellation of origin. Trademarks. Representation of a product’s geographic origin by use of a mark — such as a symbol, word, phrase, or graphic element such as a map — whose use is regulated to ensure that the product so marked reflects some well-known feature peculiar to the region. • This term usu. applies to
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A truce referring only to operations before a specific fortress or in a district, or between certain detachments of armies. — Also termed partial truce.
Contracts. The doctrine that the acceptance of a contractual offer must be positive, unconditional, unequivocal, and unambiguous, and must not change, add to, or qualify the terms of the offer; the common-law principle that for a contract to be formed, the terms of an acceptance must correspond exactly with those of the offer. • In
A court that has the power and authority to do a particular act; one recognized by law as possessing the right to adjudicate a controversy. — Also termed competent court.
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divorce agreement. A contractual agreement that sets out divorcing spouses’ rights and responsibilities regarding property, alimony, custody, visitation, and child support. • The divorce agreement usu. becomes incorporated by court order as a part of the divorce decree and thus is enforceable by contempt, among other remedies. — Also termed agreement incident to divorce; marital
Arbitration that involves settling the terms of a contract being negotiated between the parties; esp., in labor law, arbitration of a dispute concerning what provisions will be included in a new collective-bargaining agreement. • When the parties cannot agree on contractual terms, an arbitrator decides. This type of arbitration is most common in public-sector collective
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civil law. 1. (usu. cap.) One of the two prominent legal systems in the Western World, originally administered in the Roman Empire and still influential in continental Europe, Latin America, Scotland, and Louisiana, among other parts of the world; ROMAN LAW. • In reference to Romans, civil law (commonly referred to as jus civile) denotes
A corporation whose charter has expired or been revoked, relinquished, or voluntarily terminated. — Also termed dead corporation.
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A board of directors whose members’ terms of service overlap so that only part of the board’s makeup is voted on in any single election. • Typically, members serve terms of two or more years, with some members’ terms expiring at each annual election. See Del. Code Ann. tit. 8, § 141 (1991) (authorizing classified
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