book entry. 1. A notation made in an accounting journal. 2. The method of reflecting ownership of publicly traded securities whereby a customer of a brokerage firm receives confirmations of transactions and monthly statements, but not stock certificates. See CENTRAL CLEARING SYSTEM. [Cases: Brokers 23, 26. C.J.S. Brokers §§ 65, 67–69.]
value n. (1)价值 一个在法律上也具有重要意义的经济学概念，它包括某一特定物品的有用性，以及转让该物品时对其他物品的购买力，前者被称为使用价值〔value in use〕，后者则被称为交换价值〔value in exchange〕。 (2)有用性；重要性；益处 (3)(合同的)充分对价 它通常被用作「充分对价」〔valuable consideration〕的缩略形式，尤其在诸如「已付对价的买主」〔purchaser for value〕或「已付对价的持票人」〔holder for value〕等短语中。当某人从他人处以善意方式取得财产，而该他人并不享有完整的所有权时，认定其是否已支付充分对价具有重要意义。例如，受托人以欺诈手段将信托财产售予某一已支付对价的善意买主〔bona fide purchaser for value〕，亦即该人并无理由相信其买受财产之行为将影响信托，且已为此而支付合理价格，那么，信托受益人〔cestui que trust〕不能提出主张反对该买主。 v.估价；评估；作价
pro indiviso (proh in-d[schwa]-vI-zoh), adj. [Latin “as undivided”] (Of property) owned or possessed by several persons at the same time, without partition.
The first-filed application in a chain of later-filed continuation or continuation-in-part applications. • An application becomes the parent application when another type of application (such as continuation, divisional, or substitute) is filed. The term “parent” is generally not used to refer to a provisional application. Cf. child application. [Cases: Patents 110. C.J.S. Patents § 156.]
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A pleading asserting that if a certain fact is true, then a certain result must follow. • Hypothetical pleadings are generally improper.
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National Credit Union Administration. An independent federal agency that charters, insures, supervises, and examines federal credit unions; administers the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund and the Community Development Revolving Loan Fund; and manages the Central Liquidity Facility, a separate mixed-ownership government corporation that supplies emergency loans to member credit unions. • The agency was
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shield law. 1. A statute that affords journalists the privilege not to reveal confidential sources. See journalist’s privilege under PRIVILEGE(3). [Cases: Witnesses 196. 1. C.J.S. Witnesses § 358.] “More than half of the states have ‘shield laws’ creating ‘reporters’ privileges’ that are sometimes broader than the First Amendment version of that privilege.” David A. Anderson,
Fair Labor Standards Act. A federal law, enacted in 1938, that regulates minimum wages, overtime pay, and the employment of minors. 29 USCA §§ 201–219. — Abbr. FLSA. [Cases: Labor Relations 1102. C.J.S. Labor Relations § 1018.]
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earning capacity. A person’s ability or power to earn money, given the person’s talent, skills, training, and experience. • Earning capacity is one element considered when measuring the damages recoverable in a personal-injury lawsuit. And in family law, earning capacity is considered when awarding child support and spousal maintenance (or alimony) and in dividing property
sustain, vb. 1. To support or maintain, esp. over a long period (enough oxygen to sustain life). 2. To nourish and encourage; lend strength to (she helped sustain the criminal enterprise). 3. To undergo; suffer (Charles sustained third-degree burns). 4. (Of a court) to uphold or rule in favor of (objection sustained). 5. To substantiate