barter
barter, n. The exchange of one commodity for another without the use of money. — barter, vb.
loan value. Insurance. 1. The maximum amount that may be lent safely on property or life insurance without jeopardizing the lender’s need for protection from the borrower’s default. 2. The amount of money an insured can borrow against the cash value of his or her life-insurance policy. [Cases: Insurance 1868. C.J.S. Insurance §§ 352–356.]
mancipation (man-si-pay-sh[schwa]n), n. [fr. Latin mancipatio “hand-grasp”] 1. Roman law. A legal formality for transferring property by either an actual or a simulated purchase; a formal conveyance in the guise of a sale. • The formality required the presence of the thing being conveyed (res mancipi), and of five adult male citizens acting as witnesses.
execute, vb. 1. To perform or complete (a contract or duty) (once the contract was fully executed, the parties owed no further contractual duties to each other). [Cases: Contracts 6. C.J.S. Contracts § 8.] 2. To change (as a legal interest) from one form to another (the shifting use was executed into a valid legal
Authority needed to carry out actual or apparent authority. • For example, the actual authority to borrow money includes the incidental authority to sign commercial paper to bring about the loan. — Also termed inferred authority. [Cases: Principal and Agent 99. C.J.S. Agency §§ 153–164.]
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payback period. The length of time required to recover a venture’s initial cash investment, without accounting for the time value of money.
mahr, n. Islamic law. A gift of money or property that must be made by a man to the woman he marries. • The parties agree to the mahr’s amount and time of payment before marrying. If the time of payment is indefinite or if the mahr’s outstanding balance is not paid sooner, the agreed
refund, n. 1. The return of money to a person who overpaid, such as a taxpayer who overestimated tax liability or whose employer withheld too much tax from earnings. [Cases: Internal Revenue 4950; Taxation 535, 1097. C.J.S. Internal Revenue § 780; Social Security and Public Welfare § 207; Taxation §§ 910–914, 919, 1679, 1690, 1764.]
perfection. Validation of a security interest as against other creditors, usu. by filing a statement with some public office or by taking possession of the collateral. Cf. ATTACHMENT(4). [Cases: Secured Transactions 81–96, 138–145. C.J.S. Secured Transactions §§ 3, 50–51, 53–77, 88, 90–102, 105–107, 118.] automatic perfection. The self-operative perfection of a purchase-money security interest without
Hist. A penalty exacted by a lord from a ward who married without the lord’s consent. • The penalty was a money payment double the value that the marriage would otherwise have been worth to the lord.
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