municipal corporation. A city, town, or other local political entity formed by charter from the state and having the autonomous authority to administer the state’s local affairs. — Also termed municipality. Cf. quasi-corporation under CORPORATION. [Cases: Municipal Corporations 1. 1. C.J.S. Municipal Corporations §§ 2–7.] municipal corporation de facto. A corporation recognized to exist, although […]
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municipal corporation 市政法人 １在美国是指为了地方政府的管理，由州通常以特许状形式，将某一地区的居民联合起来而建立的既具有公司实体所具有的一般特性但又被赋予一定公权力的法律实体。联合而成的市、镇即属典型的市政法人，不过，依法律，其他的政府实体，如有权征税的灌溉区〔water district〕也可成为市政法人。州在创立市政法人时毋需经当地居民的同意，市政法人享有地方事务的立法权和管理权，经授权也可享有在该地区对州事务的管理权；２在英国则指通常由国王颁发特许状将英格兰或威尔士自治市〔borough〕的居民联合起来而构成的法人团体，它由市长、高级市政官和市民或公民组成。英国颁布了1972年《地方政府法》〔Local Government Act〕后，市政法人已不再行使地方政府的职权，而且除伦敦外，高级市政官被废除，市民变成了现在的纳税人。
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A city, town, or other local political entity formed by charter from the state and having the autonomous authority to administer the state’s local affairs. — Also termed municipality. Cf. quasi-corporation under CORPORATION. [Cases: Municipal Corporations 1.1. C.J.S. Municipal Corporations §§ 2–7.]
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