OVERBREADTH DOCTRINE

overbreadth doctrine

overbreadth doctrine 〈美〉过宽限制原则 源于美国宪法第一条修正案。该原则用于宣告那些过于宽泛的立法无效。此种立法既包含可以容许的禁制,但同时也限制所保障的言论、出版与集会自由的权利。该原则要求,如果一项制定法果真可以被适用来对人民受宪法保障的言论或行为加以惩罚,应宣告该制定法无效。但是限制过宽的法律也不是必然要整体撤销。指控一个法律限制过宽而明确地使之无效必须符合下面两个条件:1宪法保障的行为是该法律的控制目标的重要组成部分;2没有令人满意的办法可以把该法律的合宪的与违宪的运用区分开来以便简单地使该法律不再包含违宪的运用。

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overbreadth doctrine

overbreadth doctrine. Constitutional law. The doctrine holding that if a statute is so broadly written that it deters free expression, then it can be struck down on its face because of its chilling effect — even if it also prohibits acts that may legitimately be forbidden. • The Supreme Court has used this doctrine to

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