Thirteenth Amendment 〈美〉美国宪法第十三条修正案 1865年1月31日由国会提出，同年12月6日获批准。该修正案废除了全美各地的奴隶和强迫劳役制；它具有自行强制力，无需国会支持性立法，因而是唯一一条可直接作用人民和各州的修正案。它规定除惩罚犯罪外，禁止使用苦役，也禁止允许和实施奴役的法律。修正案也授予国会执行这些规定的权力，这也是自1787年原宪法批准后首次扩充国会的权力。国会很快于1866年通过了《民权法》〔Civil Rights Act〕，将公民权扩展到先前的奴隶，并禁止任何形式的种族歧视。
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Thirteenth Amendment. The constitutional amendment, ratified in 1865, that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. [Cases: Constitutional Law 83(2). C.J.S. Constitutional Law §§ 482–486.] “The thirteenth amendment is fairly unique in two respects. First, it contains an absolute bar to the existence of slavery or involuntary servitude; there is no requirement of ‘state action.’ Thus it
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The constitutional amendment, ratified in 1865, that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. [Cases: Constitutional Law 83(2). C.J.S. Constitutional Law §§ 482–486.]
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