past recollection recorded. Evidence. A document concerning events that a witness once knew about but can no longer remember. • The document itself is evidence and, despite being hearsay, may be admitted (or read into the record) if it was prepared or adopted by the witness when the events were fresh in the witness’s memory. […]
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present recollection refreshed. Evidence. A witness’s memory that has been enhanced by showing the witness a document that describes the relevant events. • The document itself is merely a memory stimulus and is not admitted in evidence. Fed. R. Evid. 612. — Also termed refreshing recollection; refreshing memory; present recollection revived. Cf. PAST RECOLLECTION RECORDED
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past recollection recorded 过去回忆的备忘录 在证人对某一事件仍记忆犹新时所作的正确反映此事件的记录，以免其将来不能完全回忆起来从而不能充分准确地作证。这种证据不受传闻证据规则的限制，即使陈述者现在可以作证，亦可被采信。备忘录被采纳为证时，应作为证言朗读，而不能作为书证存档，除非对方当事人作此请求。
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refreshing recollection 唤起记忆(→refreshing the memory)
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recorded past recollection 过去回忆的记录 在证据法中，指证人在对事件记忆犹新时所作的书面记录。在法官认定其为证人所记录且为记录原本时，可作为传闻规则的例外，允许作为证据提出。
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present recollection revived 目前回忆的恢复 指证人用某些书面材料或其它物品帮助恢复对过去事件的记忆。 (→present recollection recorded)
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present recollection recorded 记录事项的目前回忆 证人可翻阅任何有助于回忆起过去事件的文件。证人的证言是证据，这种文件并非证据；但对方可对文件加以查阅并对其可靠性提出质疑。 (→past recollection recorded)
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recollection, n. 1. The action of recalling something to the mind, esp. through conscious effort. 2. Something recalled to the mind. See PAST RECOLLECTION RECORDED ; PRESENT RECOLLECTION REFRESHED. — recollect, vb.