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Trustee Savings Banks/T.S.B.

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Trustee Savings Banks/T.S.B. 〈英〉信托储蓄银行 为通过吸收小额存款以鼓励小储户节俭而专门建立的银行。1810年，首家信托储蓄银行在苏格兰杜姆弗莱附近的罗斯威尔开业。1817年的一项法律禁止此类银行盈利。从1844年起，信托储蓄银行被迫向国债局〔National Debt Commissioners〕出借资金。1861年，邮政储蓄银行〔Post Office Savings Bank〕(国民储蓄银行〔National Savings Bank〕的前身)成立，现已成为最大的储蓄银行。储蓄银行中普通部的存款利率适中，投资部的存款和定期存款的利率较高。近来，储蓄银行拓展了业务范围。从1965年起，信托储蓄银行许可其顾客开立活期存款账户并使用支票。1967年，信托储蓄银行联合建立了它们自己的单元信托〔unit trust〕。信托储蓄银行亦从事外币汇兑业务。1973年，英国有73家独立的信托储蓄银行。据佩奇报告〔Page Report〕介绍，信托储蓄银行的数目骤减，到1975年只剩下20家。根据议会法律，信托储蓄银行是受托人代表储户管理的非营利性机构。其活期存款账户有利息并由政府保证。它提供支票支付和各种个人银行业务，如支付定期付款，在保险库内储藏贵重物品及买卖政府证券。信托储蓄银行要受1969年《信托储蓄银行法》〔Trustee Savings Bank Act〕及其后的修正条款的制约；并接受依该法成立的信托储蓄银行中央委员会〔Trustee Savings Bank Central Board〕的领导。 (→National Savings Bank)

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federal savings and loan insurance corporation

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Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation. A federal agency created in 1934 to insure deposits in savings-and-loan associations and savings banks. • When this agency became insolvent in 1989, its assets and liabilities were transferred to an insurance fund managed by the FDIC. — Abbr. FSLIC. See RESOLUTION TRUST CORPORATION. [Cases: Building and Loan Associations

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mutual savings bank

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mutual savings bank 〈美〉互助储蓄银行 由储户作为成员组建的无股本的合作性银行机构，其所有者即为该银行的储户。存款凭证上记明利息，目的在于为其成员提供安全的储蓄机制。该银行的经营原则是为不能以自己的资金进行高利润投资的小额存款人提供社会服务，其经营采用合作社方式。一般情况下，互助储蓄银行的所得收入在扣除各项支出和准备金之后，分配给各存款人。许多互助储蓄银行已开始发行股票和提供各种顾客服务业务，如信用卡和支票账户服务；也办理一些商业银行业务，如公司支票账户服务和商业不动产贷款。 (→savings and loan association；savings bank)

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savings bank

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A bank that makes primarily home mortgage and some other consumer loans, receives deposits and pays interest on them, and may offer checking accounts. • Historically, savings banks did not provide any checking services. [Cases: Banks and Banking 289. C.J.S. Banks and Banking §§ 599–600.]

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Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation

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Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation 〈美〉储蓄与贷款保险公司 指由美国国会设立的，对金融组织的账户提供保险服务的公司。这些被保的金融组织包括各种联邦储蓄与贷款协会〔savings and loan association〕以及经州法或地区法特许下，依法组织和经营的住房与贷款协会〔building and loan association〕、储蓄与贷款协会、宅基协会〔homestead association〕以及合作银行等。

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savings and loan association

glossary /

savings-and-loan association. A financial institution — often organized and chartered like a bank — that primarily makes home-mortgage loans but also usu. maintains checking accounts and provides other banking services. — Often shortened to S & L. — Also termed loan association; thrift institution; thrift. Cf. BUILDING-AND-LOAN ASSOCIATION. [Cases: Building and Loan Associations 1, 24–40.

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