act of settlement

glossary / ACT OF SETTLEMENT
Act of Settlement. Hist. An act of Parliament (12 & 13 Will. 3, ch. 2 (1701)) that resolved the question of royal succession unsettled after the Glorious Revolution of 1688. • The question was resolved by limiting the Crown to Protestant members of the House of Hanover. The Act also provided that the sovereign must be a member of the Church of England, and it established that judges would hold office during good behavior rather than at the will of the sovereign.
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Act of Settlement

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Act of Settlement 〈英〉《王位继承法》 1701年制定的一项法律。该项法律规定：１在威廉三世〔William Ⅲ〕和安妮公主〔Princess Anne〕(后为安妮女王)无后嗣去世后，王位应由汉诺威的女选候索菲娅〔Sophia, Electress of Hanover〕及其新教徒后嗣继承；２国王必须是依现行法确立的英格兰国教〔Church of England〕的教徒，如果他成为罗马天主教徒或与罗马天主教徒结婚，即应退位；３法官应在品行良好时期能担当职务(不复如先前随君主意志而定去留)，并付给固定薪俸，但根据议会两院的提议〔address〕，可以解除法官职务；４加盖英格兰国玺〔Great Seal of England〕的赦免〔pardon〕不能作为弹劾〔impeachment〕的抗辩理由；５关于在英格兰法官任期已由1925年《司法组织法》〔Judicature Act〕和1971年《法院法》〔Courts Act〕等法律规定，但在1959年后任命的所有联合王国高级法院法官届75岁时必须退休，该规定见诸于1959年《司法退休金法》〔Judicial Pension Act〕。