breach of trust
违反信托 指受托人、遗嘱执行人或处于受信地位〔fiduciary position〕的其他人违反所承担的义务；在狭义上仅指受托人违反信托义务。包括受托人从事未经授权或信托条款所禁止的行为，或对信托要求其从事的行为不作为。例如，受托人挪用信托基金或信托财产、未经法律或信托文件授权而将信托基金进行证券投资等。传统上，法院对受托人要求有很高的注意和勤勉义务，但在现代已有所放松，英国1925年《受托人法》〔Trustee Act〕规定法院可以扩大受托人的权限，并且，如果受托人系诚实、合理地从事行为且出于正当理由，则法院有权免除其违反信托的责任。
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