noerr–pennington doctrine

Noerr–Pennington doctrine. The principle that the First Amendment shields from liability (esp. under antitrust laws) companies that join together to lobby the government. • The doctrine derives from a line of Supreme Court cases beginning with Eastern R.R. Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc., 365 U.S. 127, 81 S.Ct. 523 (1961), and United Mine Workers v. Pennington, 381 U.S. 657, 85 S.Ct. 1585 (1965). [Cases: Civil Rights 1374; Constitutional Law 91. C.J.S. Civil Rights §§ 143–144, 146, 157, 160; Constitutional Law §§ 461–462, 466, 612–629.]

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词条贡献者

资深译员Gianluca，毕业于亚洲顶尖的高级翻译学院，专注翻译各种与清洁与可再生能源有关的法律文件。