noerr–pennington doctrine

Noerr–Pennington doctrine. The principle that the First Amendment shields from liability (esp. under antitrust laws) companies that join together to lobby the government. • The doctrine derives from a line of Supreme Court cases beginning with Eastern R.R. Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc., 365 U.S. 127, 81 S.Ct. 523 (1961), and United Mine Workers v. Pennington, 381 U.S. 657, 85 S.Ct. 1585 (1965). [Cases: Civil Rights 1374; Constitutional Law 91. C.J.S. Civil Rights §§ 143–144, 146, 157, 160; Constitutional Law §§ 461–462, 466, 612–629.]

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词条贡献者

译者Lester，毕业于法国一流的高级翻译学院，擅长翻译各种与环境与自然资源相关的法律文件。