Civil procedure. In federal practice, the requirement that parties make available to each other the following information without first receiving a discovery request: (1) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of persons likely to have relevant, discoverable information, (2) a copy or description of all relevant documents, data compilations, and tangible items in the party’s […]
initial disclosure Read More »
An error by the trial court that has an identifiably negative impact on the trial to such a degree that the constitutional rights of a party are compromised. • A manifest constitutional error can be reviewed by a court of appeals even if the appellant did not object at trial.
manifest constitutional error Read More »
Citations, Law of. Roman law. An A.D. 426 decree of Emperor Valentinian III listing Papinian, Paul, Gaius, Ulpian, and Modestinus as juristic writers who could be cited authoritatively in court. • If a majority of the writers agreed on an issue, the judge was bound to follow the majority view. The Law of Citations allowed
A contract of exchange in which a person agrees to pay a sum of money at one location in consideration of money received at another location. — Also termed cambium mercantile; cambium trajectitium.
understood a. 已同意的 作为书面合同用语，「it is understood」与「it is agreed」有相同效力，均表示当事人已达成合意，故与「agreed」为同义语。
partial limitation. Insurance. A policy provision in which the insurer agrees to pay a total loss if the actual loss exceeds a specified amount.
partial limitation Read More »
diallage (dI-al-[schwa]-jee), n. [fr. Greek diallag “interchange”] A rhetorical figure of speech in which arguments are placed in several points of view, and then brought to bear on one point.
vert (v[schwa]rt). Hist. 1. Anything that grows and bears green leaves within a forest. 2. A power, given by royal grant, to cut green wood in a forest.
Edicts of Justinian. Roman law. Thirteen constitutions or laws of Justinian, appended to the Greek collection of the Novels in the Venetian manuscript. • The Edicts were confined to administrative matters in the provinces of the Roman Empire. They were not known to the glossators.
edicts of justinian Read More »
A surplus with a limited or restricted use; esp., the portion of retained earnings that cannot be distributed as dividends. • The restriction is usu. due to preferred dividends in arrears, a covenant in a loan agreement, or some decision of the board of directors. See retained earnings under EARNINGS.
restricted surplus Read More »