captive
captive, n. 1. A person who is unlawfully seized and held by another. Cf. PRISONER. 2. PRISONER OF WAR. 3. An animal, esp. a wild one, that is caught and kept confined.
Search Results for: ANIMAL
common in gross
Hist. A right to graze animals on another’s land as a result of a written grant unrelated to own-ership or occupancy of land. — Also termed common at large. See profit in gross under PROFIT(2).
scienter
scienter n. 故意；明知 该词用于诉状中，表示被告的主观过错状态，即被告事先知道其行为将导致损害发生，或者其事先知道其有义务防止某种事实状态的发生，但因其疏忽而导致损害结果。在普通法上，欲使家畜所有人对家畜所造成的损害承担责任，必须证明被告知道其家畜有实施该种损害之恶习。关于这方面的证据被称为「举证明知」〔proving scienter〕。在英国，该种责任规定于1971年《动物法》〔Animals Act〕中。在有关虚假陈述〔misrepresentation〕中，实施虚假陈述一方当事人的明知是指其以欺诈意图而错误告知或疏漏重大事实。因干预他人履行合同而承担责任的〔liability for interference with the performance of a contract〕，其责任构成要件之一即为该当事人知道合同的存在。根据美国1934年《证券交易法》〔Securities Exchange Act〕和《10b-5规则》〔Rule 10b-5〕而对某一行为提起民事损害赔偿之诉的，该行为必须属于「明知」，这里的「明知」是指包含欺诈或操纵市场等意图的主观状态。 ad.故意地；明知地 该词原为拉丁文，其意同于knowingly。
domitae naturae
domitae naturae (dom-[schwa]-tee n[schwa]-tyoor-ee). [Latin] Hist. Of a tame nature; not wild. • This term usu. refers to long-domesticated animals, such as sheep or cattle, in which a person has absolute property rights. But it can also refer to naturally wild animals that have been tamed.
nullius in bonis
nullius in bonis (n[schwa]-lI-[schwa]s in boh-nis), adj. [Latin “among the property of no person”] Hist. Belonging to no one. • Wild animals were considered to be nullius in bonis. — Also termed in nullius bonis.
pound
pound, n. 1. A place where impounded property is held until redeemed. 2. A place for the detention of stray animals. [Cases: Animals 103. C.J.S. Animals § 333.] 3. A measure of weight equal to 16 avoirdupois ounces or 7,000 grains. [Cases: Weights and Measures 3. C.J.S. Weights and Measures § 3.] 4. The basic
community grant
A grant of real property made by a government (or sometimes by an individual) for communal use, to be held in common with no right to sell. • A community grant may set out specific, communal uses for the property, such as for grazing animals or a playground. Cf. private grant.
teamwork
teamwork. Work done by a team; esp., work by a team of animals as a substantial part of one’s business, such as farming, express carrying, freight hauling, or transporting material. • In some jurisdictions, animals (such as horses) that work in teams are exempt from execution on a civil judgment.
aid and abet
aid and abet, vb. To assist or facilitate the commission of a crime, or to promote its accomplishment. • Aiding and abetting is a crime in most jurisdictions. — Also termed aid or abet; counsel and procure. [Cases: Criminal Law 59. C.J.S. Criminal Law §§ 127, 998.] — aider and abettor, n. “The phrase ‘aid
faldage
faldage (fahl-dij), n. Hist. 1. A landowner’s right to require tenants to graze their sheep in designated temporary folds so that the manure will fertilize the field. — Also termed foldage; fold soc. 2. A sum of money paid to the landowner by a sheep-owning tenant in lieu of keeping the animals in the landowner’s