attestation clause. A provision at the end of an instrument (esp. a will) that is signed by the instrument’s witnesses and that recites the formalities required by the jurisdiction in which the instrument might take effect (such as where the will might be probated). • The attestation strengthens the presumption that all the statutory requirements […]
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jus gladii (j[schwa]s glad-ee-I). [Latin “right of the sword”] Roman law. The executory power of the law, esp. for provincial governors; the power or right to inflict the death penalty. • This term took on a similar meaning under English law. — Also termed potestas gladii. “And the prosecution of these offences is always at
leodes (lee-oh-deez), n. [Law Latin] Hist. 1. A vassal. 2. Service to be provided to another. 3. Compensation to be paid by one who killed or seriously injured a vassal, divided among the sovereign, the vassal’s lord, and the vassal’s next of kin; WERGILD.
gain, n. 1. An increase in amount, degree, or value. pecuniary gain. 1. A gain of money or of something having monetary value. 2. Criminal law. Any monetary or economic gain that serves as an impetus for the commission of an offense. • In most states, an offense and its punishment are aggravated if the
invalid (in-val-id), adj. 1. Not legally binding (an invalid contract). 2. Without basis in fact (invalid allegations). invalid (in-v[schwa]-lid), n. A person who, because of serious illness or other disability, lacks the physical or mental capability of managing his or her day-to-day life. [Cases: Guardian and Ward 9.5; Mental Health 3. C.J.S. Insane Persons§§ 2,
no contest. A criminal defendant’s plea that, while not admitting guilt, the defendant will not dispute the charge. • This plea is often preferable to a guilty plea, which can be used against the defendant in a later civil lawsuit. — Also termed no-contest plea; nolo contendere; non vult contendere. Cf. ALFORD PLEA. [Cases: Criminal
State Trials 〈英〉《国家审判》 法律说明的系列汇编。其涉及妨碍国家的犯罪、政府高级官员和提出一些重要的宪法、国际法问题的判例。34卷本的豪厄尔斯〔Howell’s〕《国家审判》(1163-1820)是最佳的一部汇编。沃利斯〔J.E.P.Wallis〕负责编辑38卷本的《国家审判》新编(1820-1885)。1880年威利斯-邦德〔J.Wills-Bund〕出版了其选集。
提单 英语：bill of lading 法语：connaissement, certificat de pris de charge 德语：Frachtbrief 意大利语：polizza di carico 西班牙语：conocimiento de embarque, carta de porte
confidence game. A means of obtaining money or property whereby a person intentionally misrepresents facts to gain the victim’s trust so that the victim will transfer money or property to the person. — Also termed con game; con. Cf. BUNCO. [Cases: False Pretenses 16.]