suitors’ deposit account 〈英〉原告存款账户 以前英国衡平法院的原告不能从付给法院的现金中得到收益，除非该现金应原告的请求被用于投资并由原告承担风险。但1872年《衡平法院(基金)法》〔Chancery(Funds) Act〕规定所有已付给法院的金钱，原告又未要求用于投资，则须被投作存款，原告享有2%年利率的利息。现在由1927年《最高法院基金规则》〔Supreme Court Funds Rules〕对此作了规定。
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Carta Mercatoria (kahr-t[schwa] m[schwa]r-k[schwa]-tor-ee-[schwa]). Hist. An English statute (enacted in 1303) establishing various rules that favored certain foreign merchants. • In exchange for paying customs duties, merchants received extensive trading rights throughout England, the power to export their mer-chandise, the liberty to dwell where they pleased, and certain legal rights. — Also termed Statutum de
diarchy. [fr. Greek dy “two” + archein “rule”] A government jointly ruled by two people, such as William and Mary of England. — Also termed duarchy; dyarchy. “Dyarchy. A term applied by Mommsen to the Roman principate … a period in which he held that sovereignty was shared between the princes and the senate. The
An interest in land, created by will, that takes effect in the future and depends on a future contingency; a limitation, by will, of a future estate or interest in land when the limitation cannot, consistently with legal rules, take effect as a remainder. • An executory devise, which is a type of conditional limitation,
first-sale doctrine. 1. Copyright. The rule that the purchaser of a physical copy of a copyrighted work, such as a book or CD, may give or sell that copy to someone else without infringing the copyright owner’s exclusive distribution rights. • With regard to that physical copy, the copyright owner’s distribution right is said to
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vacate, vb. 1. To nullify or cancel; make void; invalidate (the court vacated the judgment). Cf. OVERRULE. 2. To surrender occupancy or possession; to move out or leave (the tenant vacated the premises).
consensus. A general agreement; collective opinion. See general consent under CONSENT(2). “The regular method for the chair to use is to ask the members, ‘Is it the consensus of this meeting that … is agreed to?’ or, ‘Is it the will of the assembly that … is agreed to?’ or, ‘Is there an objection?’ Consensus
Hilton doctrine. Civil procedure. The rule that in a dispute between parties to an oil-and-gas lease, royalty owners who would lose their rights if the defendant’s lease were terminated are regarded as indispensable parties to a proceeding challenging the lease. Hilton v. Atlantic Refining Co., 327 F.2d 217 (5th Cir. 1964). [Cases: Mines and Minerals
inherent-powers doctrine. The principle that allows courts to deal with diverse matters over which they are thought to have intrinsic authority, such as (1) procedural rulemaking, (2) internal budgeting of the courts, (3) regulating the practice of law; and (4) general judicial housekeeping. • The power is based on interpretations of art. I, § 8,
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doctrine of estates. Hist. The rule that a person cannot own land, but can merely own an estate in it, authorizing the person to hold it for some period of time. • This doctrine answers the question of the duration of an estate. Cf. DOCTRINE OF TENURES.
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