Test Act. Hist. An English statute that required a person who occupied a public office or position of trust to be a member of the Church of England, to swear the Oath of Supremacy, and to sign a declaration against transubstantiation. 25 Car. 2, ch. 2 (1673). • The Act was repealed in 1828.
successor. 1. A person who succeeds to the office, rights, responsibilities, or place of another; one who replaces or follows a predecessor. 2. A corporation that, through amalgamation, consolidation, or other assumption of interests, is vested with the rights and duties of an earlier corporation. [Cases: Corporations 445.1, 589–590. C.J.S. Corporations §§ 657, 809–810.] particular
democracy, n. Government by the people, either directly or through representatives. Cf. REPUBLIC. — democratic, adj.
lawbook n. 法律书籍；法学课本 主要是指律师们使用的书籍，包括法律摘要〔digest〕、判例汇编〔law report〕、教科书，以及像《美国法全书》〔American Jurisprudence〕或《美国法大全》〔Corpus Juris〕等百科全书类的着作。
seigniory (seen-y[schwa]r-ee), n. [Law French] Hist. 1. The rights and powers of a lord; esp., a grantor’s retained right to have the grantee perform services in exchange for the transfer of land. 2. A lord’s dominions; a feudal or manor lordship; esp., land held subject to such a retained right in the grantor. — Also
Eighteenth Amendment. The constitutional amendment — ratified in 1919 and repealed by the 21st Amendment in 1933 — that prohibited the manufacture, sale, transportation, and possession of alcoholic beverages in the United States. See PROHIBITION(3). [Cases: Intoxicating Liquors 17. C.J.S. Intoxicating Liquors § 35.]
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Rule 10b-5. The SEC rule that prohibits deceptive or manipulative practices (such as material misrepresentations or omissions) in the buying or selling of securities. — Also termed antifraud rule. [Cases: Securities Regulation 60.10–60.70. C.J.S. Securities Regulation §§ 105–106, 164–165, 169–228.]
medical examiner. A public official who investigates deaths, conducts autopsies, and helps the state prosecute homicide cases. • Medical examiners have replaced coroners in many states. — Sometimes shortened to examiner. See CORONER. [Cases: Coroners 1. C.J.S. Coroners and Medical Examiners § 2.]
A privilege that protects from disclosure the proceedings and reports of a medical facility’s peer-review committee, which reviews and oversees the patient care and medical services provided by the staff. [Cases: Witnesses 184(1). C.J.S. Witnesses § 297.]
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