District of Columbia. The seat of the U.S. government, situated on the Potomac River between Maryland and Virginia. • Neither a state nor a territory, it is constitutionally subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of Congress. — Abbr. D.C. [Cases: District of Columbia 1–36. C.J.S. District of Columbia §§ 2–43.]
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Carroll doctrine. The principle that a broadcast licensee has standing to contest any grant of a competitive license by the Federal Communications Commission because the grant could lead to a diminution in broadcast service by causing economic injury to an existing licensee. Carroll Broadcasting Co. v. FCC, 258 F.2d 440 (D.C. Cir. 1958). [Cases: Telecommunications
loss of consortium (k[schwa]n-sor-shee-[schwa]m). 1. A loss of the benefits that one spouse is entitled to receive from the other, including companionship, cooperation, aid, affection, and sexual relations. • Loss of consortium can be recoverable as damages from a tortfeasor in a personal-injury or wrongful-death action. Originally, only the husband could sue for loss of
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Frye test. The defunct federal common-law rule of evidence on the admissibility of scientific evidence. • It required that the tests or procedures must have gained general acceptance in their particular field. In Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharms., Inc., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786 (1993), the Supreme Court held that scientific evidence must meet
Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual. Trademarks. A U.S. Government publication that sets forth, for goods and services, known acceptable international class categorizations and descriptions that may be used in trademark applications submitted to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. • This manual is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402,
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L.O.S. Tribunal 国际海洋法法庭 该法庭由代表世界上主要法系的国家派出的21名法官组成，解决因《海洋法公约》〔Law of the Sea Treaties〕而引起的争端。如果争端涉及海底矿藏开发，当事方应将争端提交该法庭的海底争端分庭〔Sea-Bed Disputes Chamber/S.D.C.〕。